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Can Sokolov’s personality be considered heroic?

While in captivity, he maintains the dignity of a Russian soldier. Sokolov’s path is difficult and tragic. Sholokhov is not just a story about the difficult fate of a person in war - it is a paean to strong people. During the war, both his wife and children died, and they really never saw each other again. This is not just the story of a soldier’s life, but the fate of a man who embodied the very type of Russian national character. After all, they walked along the same road, and on foot all the time. Inclusion in more complex system relations with the world. To prove this opinion, he recalls a sensational incident with two paratroopers.

I consider the story of Oskar Schindler to be heroic. The will to fight and the ardent desire to take revenge for the horror that the Nazis brought native land, returned Sokolov to duty. This work is not just a narrative about military events, but also, of course, a study of the internal tragedy of an individual. This site uses cookies.

Fate decreed that Andrei Sokolov would never be able to meet his family again, since his wife and daughters died when a heavy bomb hit their home. Have you ever seen eyes as if sprinkled with ashes, filled with such an inescapable mortal melancholy that it is difficult to look into them? Sokolov is a worker on the land and in the factory, a warrior, a family man, a husband, a father. Did we get acquainted with Sholokhov about the war? He was captured by the Germans, but did not lose honor and dignity in this difficult situation. This memory is carried in the stories. Sholokhov was a participant in the Great Patriotic War. He worked and dreamed of a wonderful future for himself and his loved ones. Andrei Sokolov is the image of a persistent Russian man who went through war and captivity.

Can Sokolov’s personality be considered heroic?

Then events develop in a spiral, like a snowball, acquiring new, increasingly severe blows. In essence, these same words, these same thoughts are repeated in the author’s reflection as a statement of the main thing in the life and character of Andrei Sokolov. Don't look at what our man is doing.

Firmness and perseverance are poeticized by the writer as a manifestation of true courage. Expressive portrait details and stage directions express the state of the hero.

Literature lesson

in 9th grade

on the topic:

M. Sholokhov. "The Fate of Man." Andrei Sokolov is the image of a persistent Russian man who went through war and captivity. Psychological accuracy of the narrative. Humanism of the story.

Teacher E.P. Pershikova.

Municipal educational institution secondary school No. 1

Konstantinovsk

2009

Lesson topic: M. Sholokhov. "The Fate of Man." Andrei Sokolov is the image of a persistent Russian man who went through war and captivity. Psychological accuracy of the narrative. The humanism of the story. (slide No. 1)

Epigraph for the lesson.“That’s why you’re a man, that’s why you’re a soldier, to endure everything, to endure everything, if fate calls for it.”

Lesson objectives:

1.Trace the fate of the hero. Learn to characterize it.

2.Repeat some literary concepts(portrait, landscape, composition, climax)

3.Work with the text, identifying the features of the writer’s artistic workshop.

4.Expand the concept of heroic using the material of the story.

5. Learn to draw conclusions, summarize material, and draw diagrams.

Vocabulary work(proceeds as you turn to the text): humanism, perseverance, courage, patriotism.

Design: illustrations, drawings, book exhibition, presentation.

Musical arrangement: song "Holy War"

music A. Alexandrov, poems by V. Lebedev-Kumach; song “Enemies burned their home”

I. Pre-communicative stage.

Student.(sounds “Holy War”) Slide No. 2

The Great Patriotic War... It entered the fate of every person in our country with all its weight, leaving its indelible mark. On one of the first days of the war, a telegram was sent from Veshenskaya to Moscow to the People’s Commissar of Defense: “At any moment I am ready to join the ranks of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Army and defend the socialist Motherland to the last drop of blood. Regimental Commissar of the Reserves of the Red Army, writer Mikhail Sholokhov." The request was granted.

Student. ( slide number 3)

Sholokhov did not see the war from the outside, but was there where the battle was going on, in the trenches, in dugouts, at observation posts. Those who saw him on the battlefields speak of exceptional self-control, courage, fearlessness and emotional attitude towards the soldiers of the writer and war correspondent Mikhail Sholokhov. The writer was awarded military orders. (slide No. 4) In 1943, Sholokhov wrote: “I saw with my own eyes completely burned villages, farms, my fellow countrymen, the heroes of my books, I saw orphans, I saw people deprived of shelter and happiness, terribly mutilated corpses, thousands of mutilated lives...”

II. Updating knowledge.

Teacher.(slide No. 5)

What works of M. Sholokhov about the war did we get acquainted with? (“The Science of Hate”, “They Fought for the Motherland”)

Today we will talk about the fate of one of Sholokhov’s heroes, soldier Andrei Sokolov from the story “The Fate of a Man.” We will follow how his life turned out, what mark the war left on his life, we will try to understand how the writer understands the heroic, we will learn to comprehend the writer’s artistic laboratory.

“A man’s eyes are the mirror of his soul.” It is no coincidence that many writers, when creating the image of their hero, will certainly pay attention to his eyes. Let's do a little experiment. Listen now to the description of the eyes literary hero and think about what his worldview might be: hopeless tragedy or fortitude that has conquered tragedy.

“I looked at him from the side, and I felt something uneasy...Have you ever seen eyes, as if sprinkled with ashes, filled with such an inescapable mortal melancholy that it was difficult to look into them? My random interlocutor had such eyes.”

(Sounds: “Enemies burned their home”)

Did you answer? Now let’s test our insight by working on the text of the story.

II. Communication stage.

What special thing did you notice about the composition of the story?

Where have you seen this kind of story structure before?(frame composition or “story within a story”; L. Tolstoy “After the Ball”)

Why do you think the author, for no apparent reason, needed to force his hero to tell his life story to a stranger?(suffered a lot, is overwhelmed with emotions, wants to pour out his soul, it’s easier to do this with a random interlocutor, and even a driver)

Why is the story told in first person? Where did you meet?(A.S. Pushkin “ Captain's daughter»)

Reliability, documentary accuracy, sincerity.

To fit a huge amount of life material into the framework of the story (stops at the main thing)

Reveals a person not only in action, but also in reflection (reveals inner world, gives an idea of the motives and the strength of the human spirit).

What do you think the story would lose if there were no idiosyncratic comments from the author-narrator?(help to see the excitement of both the hero and the author, author's attitude to the hero).

Find these comments, re-read how the author shows state of mind hero?(abruptly interrupted the story, something was bubbling and gurgling in his throat, “the excitement was transferred to me,” etc.)

Read the sketches of nature at the beginning of the story and after Sokolov’s story about the death of the family. What is the role of the opening landscape? How and why does the author-narrator’s perception of the landscape change after the hero’s words filled with deep tragedy?

(in Sholokhov, the world of nature and the world of man are a single stream of life; the passing spring reminds of the past war (find examples: a fallen fence, devastation, a fragile boat), but nature comes to life, it cannot be killed, it is a symbol of the rebirth of the world (find confirmation); after the story it seems different) (slide No. 6)

Talking about his front-line life, Andrei Sokolov says: “That’s why you’re a man, that’s why you’re a soldier, to endure everything, to endure everything, if fate calls for it.” Remember the facts of life that confirm this idea. Name climaxes narratives.

Retell the episodes “In the Church” and “Psychological Duel with Muller.” How do the hero’s actions and behavior characterize him?

What motives drove Andrei when he decided to adopt Vanyusha? How can you evaluate this action? Can this act be called heroic? If possible, then why?

Teacher.

Now let's think about what is special about the depiction of the heroic in this story? Remember excerpts from the novel “They Fought for the Motherland.” Compare. Draw a conclusion.

Drawing up a block diagram. (entry in notebook) (slide No. 8)

Features of the heroic.

Not on the battlefield, but in captivity

In spiritual combat with the enemy

In the fortitude of post loss

In a sense of responsibility to the future.

What do you see as the origins of the hero’s heroism?

Manifestation of Russian national character

Conscientiousness (life before the war, farewell to his wife)

Hard work

Maybe something else? (let me speak)

(slide No. 9)

Summing up the lesson.

How do you understand the meaning of the story's title? Literary scholars believe that in Sholokhov’s story the writer’s thought moves from the fate of man to the fate of humanity. What do you think about this?

Homework.

Write a short discussion on the topic “What is the meaning of the title of the story “The Fate of a Man.”

“Personality and Society” - Is every person a person? How do you understand the expression “autonomous person”? Social environment. Capable of conscious creative activity. Morality, moral choice, moral control. Morality can be good or evil: The concept characterizes a person as a social being.

“Creative personality” - Always defend your right to creativity, the right to choose in decision-making. Personality not only has stable creative achievements, and far exceeds the achievements of his contemporaries in a certain field of creative activity. Psychology of creative self-development. The third stage (characterized by increased professional and creative activity of the individual in a certain type of activity).

“Teacher Personality” - The teacher is focused on creating a positive classroom and school atmosphere. A teacher must be generous. Personality model of a modern school teacher (project). "Effective teacher" Personality of the teacher in modern school. The teacher knows how to transfer knowledge and develop skills in the best possible way. Personally focused: on the teacher, on the student, on all subjects of the educational process.

“Biography of a Personality” - You can’t love what you don’t know. Don't look at what our man is doing. Love is so omnipotent that it regenerates ourselves. Grades 8-9 Formation of the ability to critically evaluate oneself and others. Inclusion in a more complex system of relations with the world. Age characteristics of students when perceiving biographical material.

“Personality structure” - B.G. Ananyev. A.G. Asmolov identifies the main strategies for studying the structure of personality within the framework of the anthropocentric paradigm: Thus, V.N. Myasishchev characterizes the unity of personality by the dynamics of neuropsychic reactivity. Block of mental processes covering individual characteristics perception, thinking, etc.

“How a man learned to count” - In order to successfully engage in agriculture, mathematical knowledge was needed. One five meant 5, two meant 10. Stone Age mathematics. When arms were not enough, legs were used. How many numbers are there? If you look closely, Roman numerals look like fingers. It was very difficult to add and subtract.

The fate of the people in tragic periods
history (based on the works of M.A. Sholokhov)War as a tragedy of the people in Russian literature of the 20th centuryGreat
The Patriotic War ended 55 years ago, but the memory of it is alive and will live forever, because it was in
This war revealed the best features of the Russian national character: his courage, fortitude, mass heroism
and patriotism. Our people broke the back of the fascist beast, under whose feet Europe lay submissively. Yes, we
We won, but this victory came at too high a price. The war became not only the triumph of the people, but its greatest
tragedy. She left destroyed cities, extinct villages. She brought death to a whole generation of young people,
healthy, talented people. The flower of the nation was destroyed. How many of them, the great defenders of the homeland, died in
air battles, burned in tanks, killed in infantry?! Both heroic and tragic in the war were clearly seen by M.A.
Sholokhov captured it in the story “The Fate of a Man.” This is a story about common man in a big war. Russian
the man went through all the horrors of the war imposed on him and at the cost of enormous, irreparable personal losses and
tragic hardships, he defended his homeland, asserting the great right to life, freedom and independence of his homeland.
The story raises the problem of the psychology of the Russian soldier - a man who embodied the typical traits
national character. The reader is presented with a life story an ordinary person. Humble worker
the father of the family lived and was happy in his own way. And suddenly there was war... Andrei Sokolov went to the front to defend his homeland.
Like thousands of others just like him. The war tore him away from his home, from his family, from peaceful work. And all
his life seemed to go downhill. All the troubles of the wartime befell the soldier, life suddenly began for nothing.
beat and whip him with all your might. The feat of man appears in Sholokhov’s story mainly not on the battlefield and
not on the labor front, but in conditions of fascist captivity, behind the barbed wire of a concentration camp. In spiritual
combat with fascism reveals the character of Andrei Sokolov, his courage. Far from the front, the soldier survived
all the hardships of war, the inhuman bullying of the fascists. Andrei had to endure a lot of terrible torment in two
years of captivity. After the Germans poisoned him with dogs, so much so that his skin and meat flew in shreds, and then
kept in a punishment cell for a month for escaping, beaten with fists, rubber sticks and all kinds of iron, trampled underfoot,
they were given almost no food and were forced to work a lot. And more than once death looked him in the eye, each time he found
he had courage and, despite everything, remained human. He refused to drink on Muller's orders for victory
German weapons, although he knew that he could be shot for this. But he sees not only in a clash with the enemy
Sholokhov is a manifestation of a heroic person in nature. His losses become no less serious trials.
The terrible grief of a soldier, deprived of loved ones and shelter, his loneliness. After all, Andrei Sokolov, who came out of the war
the winner, who returned peace and tranquility to people, he himself lost everything he had in life, love, happiness... Harsh fate
did not even leave the soldier shelter on earth. In the place where the house built by his hands stood, there was a dark crater
from a German air bomb. Andrei Sokolov, after everything that he had experienced, it seemed that he could become embittered,
become bitter, break down, but he does not complain about the world, does not withdraw into his grief, but goes to people. Left alone on
in this world, this man gave all the warmth that remained in his heart to the orphan Vanyusha, replacing his father. And again
life takes on a lofty human meaning: to raise a man from this ragamuffin, from this orphan. With all logic
In his story, M.A. Sholokhov proved that his hero is in no way broken and cannot be broken by life.
Having gone through difficult trials, he retained the main thing: his human dignity, love of life,
humanity, helping to live and work. Andrey remained kind and trusting of people. I believe that in “Fate”
person” sounds an appeal to the whole world. To every person. Stop for a minute. Think about what it means
war, what it can bring. The end of the story is preceded by the author’s leisurely thought, a lot of thought
who has seen and known a person in life. In this reflection there is an affirmation of the greatness and beauty of what is truly human.
Glorification of courage, perseverance, glorification of a man who withstood the blows of a military storm, endured
impossible. Two themes - tragic and heroic, feat and suffering - are constantly intertwined in the story
Sholokhov, forming a single whole. The sufferings and exploits of Sokolov are not an episode connected with the fate of one
people, this is the fate of Russia, the fate of millions of people who participated in the cruel and bloody struggle against
fascism, but despite everything they won, and at the same time remained human. This is the main point
story "The Fate of Man". The story “The Fate of Man” is addressed to our days, to the future, and reminds us of
what a person should be, reminds us of those moral principles without which life itself loses its meaning and
to which we must be faithful in all circumstances.

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The story was written in 1956 during Khrushchev’s “thaw”. Sholokhov was a participant in the Great Patriotic War. There he heard the life story of one soldier. She really touched him. Sholokhov harbored the idea of writing this story for a long time. And here in...

Literature about the war is the people's memory of the terrible and tragic years. This memory is carried in the stories of V.V. Bykov, B.L. Vasilyev, A.I. Adamovich and many other works. Books about the war remind us of the high cost of victory and in what...

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Lessons 86–87 M. A. SHOLOKHOV. "THE FATE OF MAN"

28.03.2013 28388 2407

Lessons 86–87 M. A. SHOLOKHOV. "THE FATE OF MAN"

Goals: introduce (overview) the biography of M. A. Sholokhov; identify with the meaning of the title of the story “The Fate of Man”, features of the composition.

Progress of lessons

I. Work on the topic of the lesson.

1.Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.

2.Student message“Pages of the life and work of M. A. Sholokhov.”

3.Reading a textbook article(p. 167–170, Part II) and the teacher's story about the history of the creation of the work.

On New Year's days - December 31, 1956 and January 1, 1957 - Pravda published the story "The Fate of a Man", in which the main character was a captured Soviet soldier. And although M. Sholokhov did not dare to say what awaited the prisoners of war in their homeland during the war, the very choice of the hero became an act of civil courage of the writer.

Having appeared in Pravda, the story immediately attracted enormous attention. And it was quite a rare occurrence when short story became an event.

Why? Because the story describes the feat of the people with utmost clarity and truthfulness, and also expresses admiration for the courage of ordinary people.

– What actions of A. Sokolov could you equate to a feat?

– Which lines of the story express its main idea? (Read the last paragraph.)

– What is behind the words “I would like to think” - the wish, assumption or confidence of the author of the story?

– Confirm with examples of episodes where the main character’s perseverance, courage, and his ability to take responsibility for others were demonstrated.

– The war left a deep mark on Andrei’s soul, and his soul turned to stone. (We confirm this with lines of text, pay attention to the details of his portrait, his manner of speaking.)

“The war is over, but something still bothers him and doesn’t let him sleep.” What?

– Why does he decide to take a “new” son? Probably because a person cannot and should not be alone in the world. Life must have meaning, you can fight with hatred, but live only with love. But to whom? Could it be another woman?

– Has the hero changed after Vanyushka’s adoption? Has he been reborn?

4.Analysis of the features of the story composition.

An epic story is the genre definition of “The Fate of Man.”

– What is special about his composition? (The composition is circular: it begins and ends with a conversation between the author and his fellow travelers. The central part is a narration on behalf of the main character, with whom we follow the events, look at them through his own eyes. This makes it possible to comprehend the assessment of the actions he has committed, to understand his experiences. The story Andrei Sokolov can be roughly divided into 3 parts: pre-war life, war, the first post-war years.)

5. Retelling (condensed) main episodes.

– Pre-war life, what is it like?

- Trials of war. Which one is the most important? Why?

6.Analysis of the episode in the church.

– How do the characters behave in this scene? Different characters embody different life positions here. A Christian soldier prefers to die rather than submit to circumstances and give up his beliefs. However, in doing so he becomes responsible for the deaths of four people. Kryzhnev is trying to buy his right to life by paying for it with someone else’s life. The platoon commander resignedly awaits his fate. But only the position of the doctor, “who did his great work both in captivity and in the dark,” evokes Sokolov’s sincere respect and admiration.

– How did the hero himself behave? (In any conditions, remaining oneself, not betraying one’s duty is the position of Sokolov himself. The hero does not accept either submission or opposition of his life to others. Murder is not easy for Sokolov, especially the murder of “his own.” It’s hard on his soul, but he cannot allow one to save his life at the cost of the death of another, for only in the unity of people does he see salvation.)

– How does the main character’s life turn out after escaping from captivity?

– How did the author show the state of mind of the hero from whom the war took everything? (The hero interrupts his story twice, each time remembering his wife and children. Expressive portrait details and remarks express the hero’s state.)

– What is the meaning of the title of the story?

Talking about the fate of one person, Sholokhov in an extremely condensed form reveals the horrors of war, its most tragic aspects: injury, captivity, concentration camp, death of a family, destruction of a house, loss of a son on Victory Day.

The title of the story, on the one hand, testifies to the author’s attention to an individual; on the other hand, Sholokhov does not specify the concept of “man” and thereby emphasizes that the fate of the main character is the fate of the entire people who went through the most severe trials during the Great Patriotic War.

II. and that lesson.

making notes in a notebook.

“The symbolic Russian Ivan is this: a man dressed in a gray overcoat, who, without hesitation, gave the last piece of bread and 30 grams of front-line sugar to a child orphaned during the terrible years of the war, a man who selflessly covered his comrade with his body, saved him from the inevitable death, a man who, gritting his teeth, endured and will endure all hardships and hardships, going to the feat in the name of the Motherland.

Good name Ivan."

Teacher. Sholokhov cultivates humanism in people. We do not know a work in which this theme would be heard with the same emotional force as in the story “The Fate of Man.” It reminds us of the duty of each of us to notice the suffering of people and strive to help them.

Homework:

1) write a mini-essay “at war in the fate of a child” (about Vanyushka);

2) prepare a selection of poems by A. T. Tvardovsky about his homeland.