This cycle was the last in the author’s life and took eight years of creativity. The cycle was created during the Second World War. The world was collapsing, and the great Russian writer wrote about love, about the eternal, about the only force capable of preserving life in its highest purpose.
Cross-cutting theme cycle is love in all its diversity, the merging of the souls of two unique, inimitable worlds, the souls of lovers.
Story " Clean Monday» contains important idea that the human soul is a mystery, and the female soul especially. And that every person is looking for his own path in life, often doubting, making mistakes, and happiness - if he finds it.
Bunin begins his story by describing a gray winter day in Moscow. In the evening, life in the city became livelier, the residents were freed from the worries of the day: “... the cab sleighs rushed thicker and more vigorously, the crowded, diving trams rattled more heavily - in the dusk it was already visible how red stars fell with a hiss from the wires - they hurried more animatedly along the sidewalks blackened passers-by." The landscape prepares the reader for the perception of history " strange love"two people whose paths tragically diverged.
The story is stunning in its sincerity in description. great love hero to his beloved. Before us is a kind of confession of a man, an attempt to remember long-ago events and understand what happened then. Why did the woman, who said that she had no one except her father and him, leave him without explanation? The hero on whose behalf the story is told evokes sympathy and sympathy. He is smart, handsome, cheerful, talkative, madly in love with the heroine, ready to do anything for her. The writer consistently recreates the history of their relationship.
The image of the heroine is shrouded in mystery. The hero remembers with adoration every feature of her face, hair, dresses, all her southern beauty. It’s not for nothing that at the actors’ “cabbage show” at the Art Theater, the famous Kachalov enthusiastically calls the heroine the Shamakhan queen. They were a wonderful couple, both beautiful, rich, healthy. Outwardly, the heroine behaves quite normally. Accepts the courtship of her lover, flowers, gifts, goes with him to theaters, concerts, restaurants, but inner world its closed to the hero. She is a woman of few words, but sometimes expresses opinions that her friend does not expect from her. He knows almost nothing about her life. With surprise, the hero learns that his beloved often visits churches and knows a lot about the services there. At the same time, she says that she is not religious, but in churches she is fascinated by chants, rituals, solemn spirituality, some kind of secret meaning, which is absent in the bustle of city life. The heroine notices how her friend is burning with love, but she herself cannot answer him in the same way. In her opinion, she is also not fit to be a wife. Her words often contain hints of monasteries where one can go, but the hero does not take this seriously.
In the story, Bunin immerses the reader in the atmosphere of pre-revolutionary Moscow. He lists the numerous temples and monasteries of the capital, and together with the heroine admires the texts of ancient chronicles. Here are memories and thoughts about modern culture: Art Theater, evening of poetry by A. Bely, opinion about Bryusov’s novel “ Fire Angel", visiting Chekhov's grave. Many heterogeneous, sometimes incompatible phenomena make up the outline of the heroes’ lives.
Gradually, the tone of the story becomes more and more sad, and in the end - tragic. The heroine decided to break up with the man who loved her and leave Moscow. She is grateful to him for his true love for her, so she arranges a farewell and later sends him a final letter asking him not to look for her.
The hero cannot believe in the reality of what is happening. Unable to forget his beloved, for the next two years he “disappeared for a long time in the dirtiest taverns, became an alcoholic, sinking more and more in every possible way. Then he began to recover little by little - indifferent, hopeless...” But still in one of the similar ones winter days he drove along the streets where the two of them had been, “and kept crying and crying...”. Obeying some feeling, the hero enters the Martha and Mary Convent and in the crowd of nuns he sees one of them with deep black eyes, looking somewhere into the darkness. It seemed to the hero that she was looking at him.
Bunin does not explain anything. Whether it was really the hero's beloved remains a mystery. But one thing is clear: there was great love, which first illuminated and then turned a person’s life upside down.
Both the plot and external descriptiveness in Bunin’s work are important, but do not exhaust the fullness of the aesthetic impression. Image central character in the story it is deliberately generalized and by the end disappears from the writer’s field of vision. Revealing the specifics of Bunin's artistic time and space, one can notice how meaningful Bunin's very periodic presentation of depicted facts and events, the very alternation of dynamic and descriptive scenes, the author's point of view and the limited perception of the hero - in a word, the very measure of regularity and the spontaneity that crowds it out in the picture being created. If we summarize all this with a universal stylistic concept, then the most appropriate term would be Rhythm.
Sharing the secrets of writing, Bunin admitted that before writing anything, he must feel a sense of rhythm, “find the sound”: “As soon as I found it, everything else comes by itself.” As soon as the rhythm and musical key found - other elements of the work begin to become clearer and gradually take on a concrete form: the plot takes shape, the objective world of the work is filled. All that remains is, listening to the inner tuning fork, to achieve accuracy, concreteness and plastic persuasiveness of the picture, polishing its verbal surface.
The plot in Bunin’s works can be completely laconic: for example, the famous “ Antonov apples" In “The Mister from San Francisco” the plot is more significant, but the role of the leading compositional principle belongs to the rhythm. As already mentioned, the movement is governed by the interaction and alternation of two motives: the artificially regulated monotony of the existence of the “master” and the unpredictably free element of genuine, living life. Each of the motives is supported by its own system of figurative, lexical and sound repetitions; each one is consistent in its own emotional tone. It is not difficult to notice, for example, that service details (like a marked neck cufflink or repeated details of dinners and “entertainment”) serve as substantive support for the first (this motif can be used using musical term, call it “the master’s theme”). On the contrary, “unauthorized”, “superfluous” details appearing arbitrarily in the text give impetus to the motive of living life (let us again call it a “lyrical theme”). These are the noted descriptions of a sleeping parrot or a discharged horse and many particular characteristics of nature and people of a “beautiful, sunny country.”
The theme of the master dominates the first half of the story, where a kind of vertical section of the multi-story “Atlantis” is given and the ordinariness of the usual pastime of travelers is shown.
Pay attention to verbs with the meaning of multiple actions: “got up”, “drank”, “lay down”, etc.; give examples of lexical repetitions.
The lyrical theme, barely discernible at first, gradually gains strength to sound clearly at the end of the story (its components are images of multi-colors, picturesque variegation, sunshine, opening up space). The final part of the story - a kind of musical coda - summarizes the previous development. Almost all the objects of the image here are repeated in comparison with the beginning of the story: again “Atlantis” with its contrasts of decks and “underwater womb”, again the acting of a dancing couple, again the walking mountains of the ocean overboard. However, what at the beginning of the story was perceived as a manifestation of the author’s social criticism, thanks to intense internal lyricism, rises to the height of tragic generalization: at the end, the author’s thought about the frailty of earthly existence and his artistic intuition about the greatness and beauty of living life sound inseparably united. The objective meaning of the final images seems to give rise to a feeling of catastrophe and doom, but their artistic expression, the very musical smoothness of the form creates an irreducible and wonderful counterbalance to this feeling.
And yet the most subtle and most “Bunin” means of rhythmizing a text is its sound organization. In his ability to recreate the stereo illusion of a “ringing world,” Bunin, perhaps, has no equal in Russian literature.
In a letter to his French publisher, Bunin recalls the emotional state that preceded the creation of the story: “... These terrible words of the Apocalypse sounded relentlessly in my soul when I wrote “The Brothers” and conceived “The Gentleman from San Francisco...” And in diary entry, recording the end of work on the story, laconically notes: “I cried while writing the end.” The sound orchestration of the story with its inspired symphonic sound makes you take a closer look at this outwardly formal, but in fact deep content of the work.
Musical motives integral part included in the theme of the story: in one way or another story episodes string and brass orchestras sound; “sweetly shameless” music of waltzes and tangos allows restaurant audiences to relax; On the periphery of the descriptions there are references to tarantelles or bagpipes. But now we are not talking about the direct transfer of the “musical background”
The smallest fragments of the emerging picture under Bunin's pen are voiced, creating a wide range from an almost inaudible whisper to a deafening roar. The text is extremely saturated with “acoustic” details, and the expressiveness of the “sound” vocabulary is supported by the phonetic appearance of words and phrases. A special place in this series is occupied by sound signals: beeps, trumpets, bells, gongs, sirens. The text of the story seems to be permeated with these sound threads, giving the work the impression of the highest proportionality of the parts. At first perceived as real details of everyday life, these details, as the action develops, begin to correlate with the big picture the universe, with a menacing warning rhythm, gradually gaining strength in the author's meditations, acquire the general meaning of symbols. This is facilitated by the high degree of phonetic ordering of the text. “... The ninth circle was like the underwater womb of a steamship, the one where the gigantic furnaces cackled loudly...” The apocalyptic accompaniment in this fragment is created not so much by the mention of hell (“the ninth circle”), but by the extreme length of the chain of assonances for prose (four stressed “o” in a row!) and the intensity of alliteration (the sounds “p”, “r”, “g”, “l”; however, almost the entire composition of consonants here is alliterated). Sometimes sound connections are even more important for Bunin than semantic compatibility: the verb “giggle” will not evoke associations with muffledness in every writer.
(Independently analyze the rhythm and sound composition of the final sentence. Find the most expressive chain of assonances in it. How is this series associated with the overall sound of the story?)
Need to download an essay? Click and save - » Rhythmic and sound organization of the story “Mr. from San Francisco”. And the finished essay appeared in my bookmarks.The story “Clean Monday” is part of Bunin’s series of stories “ Dark alleys" This cycle was the last in the author’s life and took eight years of creativity. The cycle was created during the Second World War. The world was collapsing, and the great Russian writer Bunin wrote about love, about the eternal, about the only force capable of preserving life in its highest purpose.
The cross-cutting theme of the cycle is love in all its many faces, the merging of the souls of two unique, inimitable worlds, the souls of lovers.
The story “Clean Monday” contains an important idea that the human soul is a mystery, and especially the female soul. And that every person is looking for his own path in life, often doubting, making mistakes, and happiness - if he finds it.
Bunin begins his story by describing a gray winter day in Moscow. By evening, life in the city became livelier, the residents were freed from the worries of the day: “... the cabbies' sleighs rushed thicker and more vigorously, the crowded, diving trams rattled more heavily - in the dusk one could already see how red stars hissed from the wires, - they hurried along the sidewalks more animatedly blackened passers-by.” The landscape prepares the reader to perceive the story of “strange love” of two people whose paths tragically diverged.
The story is striking in its sincerity in describing the hero's great love for his beloved. Before us is a kind of confession of a man, an attempt to remember long-ago events and understand what happened then. Why did the woman, who said that she had no one except her father and him, leave him without explanation? The hero on whose behalf the story is told evokes sympathy and sympathy. He is smart, handsome, cheerful, talkative, madly in love with the heroine, ready to do anything for her. The writer consistently recreates the history of their relationship.
The image of the heroine is shrouded in mystery. The hero remembers with adoration every feature of her face, hair, dresses, all her southern beauty. It’s not for nothing that at the actors’ “cabbage show” at the Art Theater, the famous Kachalov enthusiastically calls the heroine the Shamakhan queen. They were a wonderful couple, both beautiful, rich, healthy. Outwardly, the heroine behaves quite normally. She accepts her lover’s advances, flowers, gifts, goes with him to theaters, concerts, and restaurants, but her inner world is closed to the hero. She is a woman of few words, but sometimes expresses opinions that her friend does not expect from her. He knows almost nothing about her life. With surprise, the hero learns that his beloved often visits churches and knows a lot about the services there. At the same time, she says that she is not religious, but in churches she is fascinated by chants, rituals, solemn spirituality, some kind of secret meaning that is not found in the bustle of city life. The heroine notices how her friend is burning with love, but she herself cannot answer him in the same way. In her opinion, she is also not fit to be a wife. Her words often contain hints of monasteries where one can go, but the hero does not take this seriously. In the story, Bunin immerses the reader in the atmosphere of pre-revolutionary Moscow. He lists the numerous temples and monasteries of the capital, and together with the heroine admires the texts of ancient chronicles. Here are also given memories and reflections on modern culture: the Art Theatre, an evening of poetry by A. Bely, an opinion on Bryusov’s novel “The Fire Angel”, a visit to Chekhov’s grave. Many heterogeneous, sometimes incompatible phenomena make up the outline of the heroes’ lives.
Gradually, the tone of the story becomes more and more sad, and in the end - tragic. The heroine decided to break up with the man who loved her and leave Moscow. She is grateful to him for his true love for her, so she arranges a farewell and later sends him a final letter asking him not to look for her.
The hero cannot believe in the reality of what is happening. Unable to forget his beloved, for the next two years he “disappeared for a long time in the dirtiest taverns, became an alcoholic, sinking more and more in every possible way. Then he began to recover little by little - indifferent, hopeless...” But still, on one of the similar winter days, he drove along those streets where the two of them had been, “and kept crying and crying...”. Obeying some feeling, the hero enters the Martha and Mary Convent and in the crowd of nuns he sees one of them with deep black eyes, looking somewhere into the darkness. It seemed to the hero that she was looking at him.
Bunin does not explain anything. Whether it was really the hero's beloved remains a mystery. But one thing is clear: there was great love, which first illuminated and then turned a person’s life upside down.
Essay on literature on the topic: Psychologism of Bunin’s prose in the story “Clean Monday” by I. A. Bunin
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TOPIC: I.A. Bunin "Clean Monday". Psychologism and features " external figurativeness» Bunin's prose
GOALS: Revealing artistic manner writer; activation research activities students, development of creative reading skills, deepening understanding and experience of the events of the story..
TASKS: formulating conclusions; identifying cause-and-effect relationships Reveal Bunin’s attitude towards Russia through mentioning the monuments of ancient Moscow, using the realities of modern Moscow, everyday sketches, and the heroes’ conclusions about Rus'.
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Lesson No. 6 L-11
TOPIC: I.A. Bunin "Clean Monday". Psychologism and features of the “external figurativeness” of Bunin’s prose
GOALS : Identification of the writer’s artistic style; intensification of students' research activities, development of creative reading skills, deepening understanding and experience of the events of the story..
TASKS : formulating conclusions; identifying cause-and-effect relationships Reveal Bunin’s attitude towards Russia through mentioning the monuments of ancient Moscow, using the realities of modern Moscow, everyday sketches, and the heroes’ conclusions about Rus'. LESSON PROGRESS:
- Org moment.
- Ready for the lesson.
- Communicate lesson objectives.
- Checking homework.
1. Let's follow the heroes to Moscow.
- Excursion on behalf of the hero
“Every evening I took her to dinner in Prague, the Hermitage, the Metropol, after dinner to theaters, concerts, and then to Yar, Strelna...”
- Which Moscow, ancient or modern, did we travel through?
- Excursion on behalf of the heroine
- Conception Monastery, Chudov Monastery, Archangel Cathedral, Marfo-Mariinsky Convent, Iverskaya Chapel, Cathedral of Christ the Savior, Kremlin, Novodevichy Convent, Rogozhskoye Cemetery.
- How can you call the excursion on behalf of the heroine? "Ancient Holy Moscow"
- Identification of psychologism and features of the “external figurativeness” of Bunin’s prose
- Why was the view from the window of the Kremlin and the Cathedral of Christ the Savior so important for the heroine?
There are signs in the story modern era correlate with the inner world of the narrator, yet, as for antiquity, the inner world of the heroine testifies to Bunin’s deep nostalgia. “Orthodoxy, now that it was so persecuted in its homeland, was recognized by Bunin as an inseparable part of Russia, its culture, its history and its national essence"(Maltsev "I. Bunin").
- Is it possible to imagine the heroine in a situation of “earthly happiness”?
- What religious holidays are discussed in the story?
Clean Monday- the first day of Lent, which comes after Maslenitsa.
Carnival – Shrovetide week, the week preceding Lent.
Lent – 7 weeks before Easter, during which Christian believers abstain from immodest food, do not participate in entertainment, and do not marry. The fast was established in remembrance of the 40-day fast of Christ in the desert. Great Pentecost begins on Monday, colloquially called “clean”.
- Is the title of the story symbolic?
Clean Monday - on Orthodox tradition- a kind of border, the line between life - vanity, full of temptations, and the period of Great Lent, when a person is called to cleanse himself of the filth of worldly life. Clean Monday is both a transition and a beginning: from secular, sinful life to eternal, spiritual life
- Interpretation of the theme of love in the novel.
- Many feelings and emotions experienced by a person are very difficult to grasp and describe in detail. And, perhaps, the most elusive feeling that permeates Bunin’s book “Dark Alleys” is LOVE.
- For what reason? How are the stories combined in the book?(Everyone shows the many faces of love from different sides).
- Now let's think about what faces of love appear before us in the story “Clean Monday”. At the beginning of the story we see the urban landscape of Moscow.“The Moscow gray winter day was darkening, the dull blackening passers-by”. What is special about this landscape?The landscape is followed by a description of the state of a man in love:“How everything should end with an hour spent near her”. This is also an impressionistic description.
- What would you call this condition?(Confusion. Students write down the word love, draw arrows from it, and write a condition under each of them).
- Why is the description of confusion preceded by a landscape?(This is not a new technique in literature; with the help of landscape, state hero).
- This is not the only example of the juxtaposition of landscape and state of mind hero in the story.“Outside one window I was cooling off from the hot intoxication.”What would you call this face of love?(Passion, intoxication).
- Why the Cathedral of Christ the Savior is mentioned before the scene of passion, we will answer later.
- “And again we talked the whole evening and didn’t talk about marriage anymore.”(Love is family happiness).
- “He kept saying that I don’t think much about him, her wet eyelash blinks.”(Love is tenderness).
- “And then one of those walking in the middle quietly came out of the gate"(Love is longing, nostalgia).
- It is no coincidence that we turned to the story “Clean Monday”, because, as you can see, love here appears to be very multifaceted. But pay attention to the title of the story.
- Before what Orthodox event does Clean Monday come?(Before Great Lent).
- Why do the heroes break up on this day?(This speaks to the sanctity of their relationship).
- Final words from the teacher.
The story mentions the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, excerpts from prayers and lives, and a picture of a procession of the cross. It is HOLINESS that takes passion, tenderness, confusion into a common denominator and helps to give human relationships the face of love.
Ivan Alekseevich Bunin
Goals:
introduce a variety of topicsBunin's prose;
learn to identify literary devices,
used by Bunin to reveal
human psychology, and other characteristic
features of Bunin's stories;
develop prose analysis skills
text.
Analysis of the text of I. A. Bunin’s story “Antonov Apples”
1. What pictures come to mind when readingstory?
What are the features of the composition? Make a plan
story.
3. What is the personality of the lyrical hero?
4. Lexical center – the word GARDEN. How the garden is described
Bunin?
5. The story “Antonov Apples”, according to A.
Tvardovsky, exclusively “fragrant”: “Bunin
breathes in peace; he smells it and gives it smells
to the reader." Expand the content of this quote.
Lexical models:
nostalgia for the fading noblesnests;
elegy of parting with the past;
pictures of patriarchal life;
poeticization of antiquity; apotheosis of the old
Russia;
withering, desolation of estate life;
sad lyricism of the story. 5. The story “Antonov Apples”, according to
in the words of A. Tvardovsky,
exclusively “fragrant”: “Bunin
breathes in peace; he smells it and gives it to him
smells for the reader." Expand content
this quote.
STORY PLAN
1. Memories of an early fine autumn.Vanity in the garden.
2. Memories of a “fruitful year.”
Silence in the garden.
3. Memories of hunting (small-scale
life). Storm in the garden.
4. Memories of deep autumn.
Half cut down, naked
garden.
"Mr. from San Francisco"
– How is the author’s concept of the world conveyed instory?
– What is the person like in Bunin’s portrayal?
- What is the climax of the story?
– What is the theme of love in the work?
How is the theme of the doom of the world expressed in
story "Mr. from San Francisco"?
Plan
1. “The artist painted... an image of sin...a proud man with an old heart."
2. The name of the ship is symbolic:
Atlantis - mythical sunken
continent.
3. Ship passengers - model
human society:
a) parasitism of “pure couples”;
b) the death of a gentleman from San Francisco.
10. Collection “Dark Alleys”
I. A. Bunin at the end of his lifecreative path admitted
that he considers this cycle “the most
perfect in skill."
The main theme of the cycle is the theme
love, feelings,
revealing the most
hidden corners of humanity
souls.
Bunin's love is the basis
all life, then ghostly
happiness to which everything
strive, but often miss.
11.
It was a wonderful spring!They sat on the bank. The river was quiet, clear,
The sun was rising, the birds
sang;
The valley stretched beyond the river,
Calm, lush green;
Nearby, a scarlet rosehip was blooming,
There was an alley of dark linden trees.
N. Ogarev
12.
Love for Bunin is the greatest happiness,given to a person. But it hangs over her
eternal rock.
Love is always associated with tragedy,
happy ending true love Not
happens because for moments of happiness
a person has to pay.
13.
Stories of the cycle"Dark Alleys" -
amazing example
Russian
psychological
prose in which
love has always been there
one of those eternal
secrets that
sought to reveal
word artists
14. “Clean Monday”
– Prove that the images of the main charactersbuilt on antithesis.
– Explain the title of the story.
– Prove that the story is characterized by
artistic brevity, condensation
external imagery, which
allows us to talk about new realism as
writing method.
15. Nobel Prize
"By the decision of the Swedishacademy from November 9
1933 Nobel
literature prize for
awarded this year
Ivan Bunin for strict
artistic talent, with
which he recreated in
literary prose
typical Russian
character".
16. Plan for the essay “All love is great happiness...”
I. Bunin’s innovation in covering the theme of love.II. The versatility of Bunin's feelings of love.
1. “Faces of Love” in Bunin’s stories:
1) love is a feeling hidden from others (“Cup of Life”);
2) love turned into revenge (“The Last Date”);
3) love – swan fidelity(“Grammar of Love”);
4) love is blinders that make it impossible to imagine happiness with another
("Dreams of Chang");
5) “love is an obsession”, when a person is unable to refuse anything of his own
beloved (“The Case of Cornet Elagin”);
6) love – a shock for life (“Sunstroke”);
7) love - resentment (“Dark Alleys”);
8) love - longing for lost happiness (“Rusya”);
9) love as a fusion of sublime adoration for one girl and carnal
attraction to another (“Natalie”);
10) love – light bitterness about an unfulfilled dream (“Cold Autumn”).
III. “All love is great happiness...” (I. Bunin).
17. Homework
Write an essay on a chosen topic.1. Review of your favorite story by I.
A. Bunina.
2. Love in Bunin’s understanding.
3. The theme of life and death in the prose of I. Bunin.
4. The problem of man and civilization in
Bunin's story "Mr. from San Francisco".
