Platonov in the beautiful and furious world of problems. Platonov, analysis of the work in this beautiful and furious world, plan

The work belongs in genre to philosophical prose a writer who has autobiographical moments, revealing as the main theme the actions of ordinary Russian people who, despite the difficulties and vicissitudes of life, show their best spiritual qualities.

The storyline of the story is a life episode that happened to the narrator Konstantin, on whose behalf the story is narrated, during his work as an assistant train driver.

The main character of the story is Maltsev Alexander Vasilyevich, presented by the writer in the image of a train driver, distinguished by a talented attitude to his work, capable of feeling both railway equipment and the road. In the team, Maltsev is considered the best employee, capable of completing any complex and responsible trip, moving on dangerous sections of the railway track, and also reducing the travel time lost by other railway workers.

The narrator presents an incident from the life of Maltsev, of which the narrator becomes a witness and an involuntary participant, when during a thunderstorm the driver is blinded by a lightning strike while driving a large passenger train. Maltsev's loss of vision almost leads to a train crash, but the situation is saved by an assistant who quickly reacts to the trouble that has arisen. At the same time, Maltsev, not realizing that he was blind, continues to control the train, since his consciousness clearly represents all the smallest details and characteristics of the road, not noticing only the light of the signal lights. A few hours later, Maltsev’s vision is restored, and the driver himself, not understanding what happened, appears in court.

The assistant decides to fight for the fate of the talented driver, considering him innocent of the incident, and invites the investigating authorities to conduct a scientific experiment, as a result of which a conclusion is made about the temporary loss of vision of the driver due to electrical discharges of lightning. Maltsev is free, completely acquitted.

But fate presents the railway genius with a new surprise in the form of repeated loss of vision and, as a result, the inability to do his favorite job. But a faithful comrade in the person of Kostya’s assistant again comes to the rescue, convincing both himself and Maltsev of the possibility of overcoming the disease, which the heroes ultimately succeed in.

The semantic load of the story lies in the writer’s depiction of the complex and at the same time magnificent world that surrounds a person, but at the same time creates certain difficulties and problems in his life. At the same time, a person, despite life’s adversities, feels own strength, opportunities and potential that help him overcome all the obstacles that arise and even, having lost his physical sight, retain a spiritual view of the world and remain sighted.

Analysis 2

Platonov’s work “In the Beautiful and furious world" was written around 1938. All events take place during times of repression. The main characters were again ordinary people, with whom everything happened.

The main character was a man named Kostya. He is the one who tells the whole story. He works as a railway driver. Another driver named Sasha Maltsev works with him. More than anything else, he enjoys his job. He senses when the train needs a little tweaking and when it breaks down and fixes the problem in time. Among other workers, he is considered the most intelligent and talented. After all, he can cope with almost any problem or disaster that occurs during work. If other workers perform the work for one period, then he manages to significantly shorten this period and complete the work earlier.

Sometimes they have to do their job even during bad weather. And then one day Maltsev sets off on a flight during a thunderstorm, but a lightning strike hits his car directly and hits his eyes. The man did not immediately realize that he could no longer see and tried to continue to control the train, but nothing worked. And if the second driver had not seen all this in time and reacted, then trouble could not be avoided. A little later, his vision returns to normal and Sasha can continue to work. But the state finds out about this and decides to convene a court at which the culprit will be sentenced.

But his second driver is not going to give up so easily and decides to help his colleague. After all, he is not to blame for anything, and only the weather is to blame for everything, but you can’t blame it. Then he invites the investigation to conduct an experiment, after which everything will fall into place. The experiment proved everything and now Maltsev can be free and get back to his favorite job.

But here fate intervenes again, which has completely different plans for Maltsev. And the man loses his sight again, only this time forever. And he can’t do the same things. But his assistant is not left idle, who again tries to prove to everyone that if you really want to, you can overcome everything and return to your job again. And soon he manages to put Maltsev back on his feet and return him to his old business, which he has served for so long.

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Lesson objectives:

– disclosure of the moral position of A. Platonov based on the analysis of the story;

– affirmation of the need for high spiritual ideals, such as love for one’s neighbor,

mercy, sense of responsibility, sacrifice;

– developing skills in working with text, public speaking, the ability to formulate and defend one’s point of view.

Equipment:

– computer class (computers, if possible, according to the number of students for conducting an electronic test, Appendix No. 1).

Homework from last lesson: use the textbook to get acquainted with the biography of the writer, attentively read the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World”, individual assignments students: prepare a detailed answer to one of the questions “What helped A. Maltsev restore his vision?”, “How do you understand A. Platonov’s expression: We need to treat people like a father?”

Working methods: creating a problem situation, analytical conversation, working with text.

Today in class we move on to studying the next section: works of Russian writers of the 20th century. And Andrei Platonovich Platonov opens it. We continue to study his work.

III. Checking homework.

Let's see how attentive you were when reading the work, how well you know the content of the text. Time -10 min.( Appendix No. 1) (Speak out the test results)

A.P. Platonov is one of those writers about whom they say: “The writer of the future: not appreciated in his time, he comes to us, and we come to him.” ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 1).

It is not easy to comprehend the works of this author, since his style is unusual and complex, and the problems of his work are philosophically and morally deep. Let's try to penetrate these depths. Today, based on an analysis of the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World, we will try to determine the moral “Formula of Life” by A. Platonov: what is the most necessary component human life, human happiness according to Platonov. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide No. 2,3). Design of notebooks: recording the topic, designing the table.

In the autobiography of A.P. Platonov admitted: “In addition to the field, the village, my mother and the ringing of bells, I also loved steam locomotives, a car, a singing whistle and sweaty work. Even then, as a child, I realized that everything is done, and will not be born on its own.” ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 4).

– Find lines in the story that echo these thoughts of the writer and read them.

– How do you understand the words: “...everything is done, and not just born”?

– One of the main characters in the story is A.V. Maltsev. What kind of worker was this?

– What was work for him? ( The meaning of life, happiness)

– Let’s make the first conclusion: one of the components of the “formula of life” according to Platonov is labor, work, favorite work that justifies life, mastery in the profession. Labor is the moral content of human life. Let's create a table. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 5).

– So, according to the plot of the story, Maltsev ends up in prison. For what?

- Case closed. But why does Kostya write to the investigator and ask to review the case?

– At the end of the fourth chapter, the narrator says: “But I wanted to protect him from the grief of fate. I decided not to give up because I felt something like that in myself, I felt that I was special as a person. And I became embittered and decided to resist, not yet knowing how to do it.” When and why did the hero come to this conclusion?

– The story has a dilemma: to be sighted, but in prison, or blind, but free. This is where the rage of the world manifests itself, as Platonov understands it.

– Why does the narrator feel guilty before Maltsev?

– How does his last act towards Maltsev characterize the narrator?( This is a person in whose soul there lives a sense of responsibility for those people who, by the will of fate, were nearby).

– Let’s draw a second conclusion: the next component of Platonov’s “formula of life” is a sense of responsibility for others, for everything in the world. Let's create a table. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 6).

– What do you think helped Maltsev restore his vision? (answers are individual homework of several students, as well as additions from classmates).

– Let’s add to our table: what else is the component of Platonov’s “formula of life” that we heard in the last answers of our classmates? (Love. Willingness to love, to give oneself to others. Mercy). ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 7).

– Let’s pay attention to the epigraph to the work, let’s see how it is connected to the story. ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 8). “You have to treat people like a father.” What does this expression mean? (answers are individual homework of several students, as well as additions from classmates).

Let's read the last paragraph of the story. How is the epigraph related to the story?

– What is the name of the story?

– Discuss the questions with your desk neighbor and formulate a single answer:

*In Platonov’s opinion, what is the “rage” of the world?

*Why is this world so beautiful then? ( Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 9).

– Yes, a person must be ready to fight the cruel, “furious world” so that he becomes beautiful and kind.

Let us conclude: what constitutes Platonov’s moral “formula of life” based on the story “In a Beautiful and Furious World?” According to the table. (Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 10)

(Appendix No. 2. Presentation, slide number 11):

based on the story “Cow” by A. Platonov:

• draw an illustration for the work;
• prepare a condensed retelling of the work;
• write a detailed answer to the question: “Why is the story called “Cow”?
• write a review of the story (see page 21 of the textbook).

The original title of the story was “Machinist Maltsev.” Under this title, it was published in an abbreviated form in the second issue of the magazine “30 Days” for 1941, and in the third issue of the magazine “Friendly Guys” for 1941 under the title “Imaginary Light.” The story was written in 1938.

The work reflects the experience of the writer, who in 1915-1917. worked as an assistant driver in the vicinity of Voronezh, and his father was a mechanic and assistant driver.

Literary direction and genre

In some editions, “In a Beautiful and Furious World” is printed with the subtitle “ Fantastic story" Indeed, double blinding by lightning and double restoration of vision have no scientific evidence. And it is completely unknown how lightning and the electromagnetic wave preceding it affect vision individuals. It doesn’t even matter to the reader whether this electromagnetic wave exists at all.

All these physical and biological explanations for the blinding of driver Maltsev and his miraculous healing are truly fantastic, but on the whole the story is realistic. The main thing in it is not the fantastic elements, but the characters of the narrator and the driver Maltsev, shown in development.

Topics and problems

The theme of the story is the loneliness of the master. The main idea is that talent often leads to pride, which makes a person blind. To see the world, you need to open your heart to it.

The work raises the problem of exaltation and sympathy, loneliness, the problem of the justice of man's punishment of man, the problem of guilt and responsibility.

Plot and composition

The short story consists of 5 parts. The narrative is dynamic and spans two years. The narrator becomes an assistant to driver Maltsev on the new locomotive and works with him for about a year. The second chapter is dedicated to that very trip, during which the driver went blind and almost drove into the tail of a freight train. The third chapter describes the trial of Maltsev and his accusation.

The fourth part tells about events taking place six months later, in winter. The narrator finds a way to prove Maltsev's innocence, but artificial lightning causes irreversible blindness to the prisoner. The narrator is looking for ways to help the blind man.

The fifth part tells about the events that happened six months later, in the summer. The narrator himself becomes a driver and takes a blind driver with him on the road. The narrator controls the car by placing his hands on the hands of the blind driver. At some point, the blind man was able to see the yellow signal, and then became sighted.

Each part of the story records an episode from the story of Maltsev: an ordinary trip - a fateful trip - a trial - an experiment with lightning and liberation - healing.

The title of the story is associated with the last words of the narrator, who wants to protect Maltsev from the hostile forces of the beautiful and furious world.

Heroes and images

The image of a beautiful world hostile to man is the main one in the story. The story has two main characters: the driver Alexander Vasilyevich Maltsev and the narrator, whom Maltsev calls Kostya. The narrator and Maltsev are not particularly friendly. The story is the story of their relationship, rapprochement, finding a friend in trouble.

Machinist Maltsev is a true master of his craft. Already at the age of 30, he was qualified as a first-class driver, and it was he who was appointed driver of the new powerful IS machine. The narrator admires the work of his driver, who drives the locomotive “with the confidence of a great master, with the concentration of an inspired artist.” The main feature that the narrator notices in Maltsev is indifference to the people working with him, a certain aloofness. One of Maltsev’s features upsets the narrator: the driver double-checks all the work of his assistant, as if he does not trust him. While working, Maltsev does not speak, but only knocks on the boiler with a key, giving silent instructions.

Over time, the narrator realized that the reason for Maltsev’s behavior was a sense of superiority: the driver believed that he understood the locomotive better and loved it more. This pride, a mortal sin, may have been the cause of his trials. Although no one really could understand Maltsev’s talent, how to surpass him in skill.

Maltsev did not see the lightning, but, having gone blind, he did not understand it. His skill was so great that he drove the car blindly, seeing with his inner vision, imagining the entire familiar path, but, of course, not being able to see the red signal, which seemed green to him.

After leaving prison, blind Maltsev cannot get used to his new situation, although he does not live in poverty, receiving a pension. He humbles himself before the narrator, who offers him a ride on his locomotive. Perhaps it was this humility that marked the beginning of Maltsev’s recovery, who managed to trust the narrator. His inner world opened up outward, he cried and saw “the whole world.” Not only the material world, but also the world of other people.

The narrator is a man who loves his job, just like Maltsev. Even the contemplation of a good car evokes inspiration in him, a joy comparable to reading Pushkin’s poems in childhood.

It is important for the narrator good attitude. He is an attentive and diligent person. It contains an amazing and rare ability to sympathize and protect. This trait of the narrator, like his profession, is autobiographical.

For example, the narrator imagines that the locomotive is rushing to protect distant lands. Likewise, concern for Maltsev prompts the narrator to seek justice in court, to meet with the investigator in order to acquit the innocent Maltsev.

The narrator is a straightforward and truthful person. He does not hide the fact that he is offended by Maltsev, he directly tells him that prison cannot be avoided. Still, the narrator decides to help Maltsev “in order to protect him from the grief of fate”, from “fatal forces that accidentally and indifferently destroy a person.”

The narrator does not consider himself to blame for Maltsev’s secondary blindness; he is friendly, despite the fact that Maltsev does not want to forgive him or talk with him. After Maltsev’s miraculous healing, the narrator wants to protect him like his own son.

Another hero of the story is a fair investigator who conducted an experiment with artificial lightning and is tormented by remorse because he proved “the innocence of a person through his misfortune.”

Stylistic features

Since the story is written in the first person, and the narrator Kostya, although he loves Pushkin. A technical person, Platonov rarely uses his specific, strangely metaphorical language. This language breaks through only at moments that are especially important for the author, for example, when the author explains in the words of the driver that the driver Maltsev has absorbed the entire outside world into his inner experience, thus gaining power over him.

The story is replete with professional vocabulary related to the work of a steam locomotive. Obviously, even in Platonov’s time, few people understood the details of the operation of a steam locomotive, and today, when there are no steam locomotives, these details are generally incomprehensible. But professionalism does not interfere with reading and understanding the story. Probably, every reader imagines something different when he reads that Maltsev gave “reverse to full cutoff.” It is important that the Machinist did his difficult job well.

Details are important in a story. One of them is Maltsev’s look and eyes. When he drives a car, his eyes look “abstractly, as if empty.” When Maltsev pokes his head out, looking at the world around him, his eyes sparkle with inspiration. The driver's blind eyes become empty and calm again.

Municipal budget educational institution

"Gymnasium No. 5" Bryansk

Comprehensive analysis story by A.P. Platonov “In a Beautiful and Furious World.” (Lesson materials)

prepared

teacher of Russian language and literature

Legotskaya Vera Sergeevna

Bryansk-2018

1. The story was originally titled “Machinist Maltsev.” Why do you think the author changed the title?

2.

The story contains a lot of professional vocabulary related to the work of a steam locomotive. These words do not interfere with understanding the story; on the contrary, they make it more expressive.

3. “Alexander Vasilyevich accepted my appointmentinto his brigade calmly and indifferently; he apparently didn’t care who his assistants would be.” Why do you think Maltsev was indifferent to who would be his assistant? Why did he double-check the assistant's work?

- “He felt superior to us because he understood the machine more accurately than we did, and he did not believe that I or anyone else could learn the secret of his talent...”

4. How did Maltsev himself explain that he was driving the courier train behind the freight train?

“I was used to seeing light, and I thought I saw it, but I saw it then only in my mind, in my imagination. Actually I was blind, but I didn't know it. I didn’t even believe in firecrackers, although I heard them: I thought I had heard wrong. And when you blew the stop horn and shouted to me, I saw a green signal ahead, I didn’t guess right away.”

5. Do you think it can be considered that Maltsev’s pride (as we know, a mortal sin) became the reason for his trials? What does Platonov want to tell the reader by blinding his hero?

6. Why did the narrator, not being Maltsev’s friend, decide to help him after his release from prison?

“I was not Maltsev’s friend, and he always treated me without attention and care. But I wanted to protect him from the grief of fate, I was fierce against the fatal forces that accidentally and indifferently destroy a person; I felt the secret, elusive calculation of these forces - that they were destroying Maltsev, and, say, not me.”

7. The story was originally titled “Machinist Maltsev.” Why do you think the author changed the title?

8. The story presents the real experience of Platonov, who in 1915-1917. worked as an assistant driver in the vicinity of Voronezh, and his father, as you know, was a mechanic and assistant driver. Prove with text that the author knew well what he was writing about?

9. Many researchers of Platonov’s work argue that the theme of the story is the loneliness of the master. Do you agree with this point of view? Give reasons for your answer.

10. Formulate the idea of ​​the work? To do this, first think about the question of why the author blinds his hero?

Platonov convinces the reader that talent often leads to pride, which blinds a person and makes him insensitive to what is happening around him. To see the world, people, beauty, you must open your heart (remember: “only the heart is vigilant.”

11. What issues are raised in the story? How relevant are these problems today?

The story raises issues that are relevant at all times problems - problem pride, sympathy and attention to people, loneliness, fairness of punishment, the problem of guilt and responsibility, professionalism.

12. What did the story teach you? Would you like to read other stories by Platonov? Why?

Literature used

1. “In a beautiful and furious world”:analysis of Platonov's story. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:

https://goldlit.ru/platonov/1196-v-prekrasnom-mire-analiz

(date of access 04/10/18)

2. “Literature 7th grade. Textbook-reader" in 2 hours for general education educational institutions(authors - V.Ya. Korovina, V.I. Korovin, etc. - M.: “Prosveshchenie”, 2009

3. Universal lesson developments in literature: 7th grade. - 3rd ed., revised. and additional - M.: VAKO, 2010.

A.P. Platonov (1899-1951) - famous Soviet writer, participant Civil War and the Great Patriotic War. He began writing early; many of his works were autobiographical in nature. All his works are the writer’s attempt to understand man, to help him find himself in this “beautiful and furious world,” in which there are so many difficulties and unforeseen twists of fate.

The story "In a Beautiful and Furious World" was written in 1937. The story contains a lot from the biography of the writer himself: he worked in railway workshops and on a steam locomotive as an assistant driver.

Summary

• The main character is Alexander Vasilievich Maltsev. He was considered the best driver of the Tolubevo depot. Already at the age of 30 he had his first qualification and drove fast trains.
• It was Maltsev who added a new car - a steam locomotive of the IS series. A rather young boy, Kostya, was appointed as his driver. Maltsev accepted this appointment indifferently - he did not care who would work as his assistant.
• Maltsev double-checked all the work on preparing the locomotive, carried out by the assistant, as if he did not trust anyone.
• Maltsev aroused admiration for the way he worked, how well he knew his business, how he drove the car with the confidence of a master.
• They usually worked in silence. Only occasionally did Maltsev knock on the boiler, which meant some kind of problem, and the assistant quickly fixed it.
• Maltsev felt his superiority and believed that no one but him could understand the locomotive so well, that even with hard work it was impossible to achieve what he himself had achieved, that only he could love the machine so much. That's why he was bored with everyone. He was always alone and alone.
• But one day on the way, the unexpected happened. A whirlwind began, a thundercloud was carried straight into the locomotive's forehead, and then lightning flashed, illuminating everything around. It started to rain. Maltsev somehow changed his face, slowed down and seemed to be driving the car less confidently. Then he drove by without noticing the warning yellow and red traffic lights. And only then did he tell Kostya that he had gone blind. How could he drive the locomotive without seeing anything! How well do you need to know the route and the car itself in order to avoid an accident?
• Maltsev was put on trial for this incident. His vision returned, and no one believed that he was blind when his courier train was following a freight train and almost collided with it, as if he had accidentally avoided a disaster. He was sent to prison.
• Kostya accidentally learned from a student friend that there is a physical installation that can cause artificial lightning. Then he decided to carry out an experiment to check whether Maltsev’s visual organs were susceptible to electromagnetic discharges. Then it will be proven that he really went blind during the tragedy.
• The experiment was carried out, Maltsev was released. But during the experiment he became blind again, and not just for a few minutes. Too high a price was paid for Maltsev to be acquitted. But the investigator noted that it is not known what is better: blindness or the conviction of an innocent person.
• A year later, Kostya passed his exams to become a driver and began driving a locomotive himself. He often saw Maltsev sitting on a bench and listening to how the locomotive was being taken out and prepared for departure.
• And one day Kostya invited Maltsev on a flight. He even promised that he would sit in the driver’s seat and the two of them would drive the locomotive. And so it happened. At the end of the journey, Maltsev began to see again.
• Kostya walked him home, “ afraid to leave him alone, like his own son, without protection against the action of the sudden and hostile forces of our beautiful and furious world.”

Reflections on some of the themes and problems of the work

Material prepared by: Melnikova Vera Aleksandrovna