One of the Kukryniks, Mikhail Kupriyanov, studied in Tashkent Tashkent People History Miscellaneous. Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov: biography Member of the Kukryniksy creative team, People's Artist of the USSR

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One of the Kukryniks, Mikhail Kupriyanov, studied at the Tashkent Central Art Training Workshops in 1920-1921.

When the young man was sixteen years old, an exhibition of “amateur” artists opened in Tetyushi, to which he gave watercolor landscape- and got it for it main prize. This was the first success in the long creative life of the future master of the brush. However, Kupriyanov could not begin his desired pursuit of art: he had to take care of his daily bread, and Mikhail got a job as a worker in coal mines in Turkestan. After a grueling road to Tashkent and several months of work in the mining department, fate smiled young man: in 1920, his superiors sent him to a local art boarding school (Tashkent Central Art Workshops) from which he was sent to the Petrograd Academy of Arts.

But the years of his youth coincided with the difficult period of formation of the Soviet state. There was devastation, there was a hungry time, and Kupriyanov had to go to foreign lands to earn money. This is how he ended up as a worker in the coal mines of Turkestan. There, too, his passion for drawing was noticed. Young Soviet power supported people's talents in every possible way. Kupriyanov was sent to a Tashkent art boarding school. The young man’s studies were so successful that he soon received a referral to Moscow to continue his art education at higher education. educational institution. He was accepted into Vkhutemas without examinations on the basis of the works he submitted. Kupriyanov ended up in the lithographic department of the graphic faculty, where outstanding Soviet graphic artists N.N. became his mentors. Kupreyanov and P. V. Miturich. By the beginning of his studies at Vkhutemas, the young student already had some life experience, and his tenacious memory retained much of what he encountered when he “hare” traveled a long way from the Volga to Tashkent, either in a freight car, then on the roof of a freight car, or hiding under a bench on a Volga steamship. Probably, even then he knew how to peer into what he encountered along the way, to grasp what was characteristic in human faces, and to sensitively grasp everything that was amusing and funny.

Mikhail Vasilievich Kupriyanov (1903-1991), Russian Soviet artist- painter, graphic artist and caricaturist, participant creative team Kukryniksy. People's Artist of the USSR (1958). Hero Socialist Labor(1973). Full member of the USSR Academy of Arts (1947). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1965), five Stalin Prizes (1942, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1951) and the USSR State Prize (1975).

Kupriyanov was born in the small Volga town of Tetyushi (now in Tatarstan). In 1919 he participated in an exhibition of amateur artists. Received first prize for a watercolor landscape.
In 1920-1921 he studied at the Tashkent Central Art Training Workshops.
1921-1929 - studied at the graphic department of the Higher Art and Technical Workshops (VKHUTEMAS, later renamed VKHUTEIN) in Moscow with N. N. Kupreyanov, P. V. Miturich.
1925 - formation of creative groups of three artists: Kupriyanova, Krylov, Sokolov, who gained national fame under the pseudonym “Kukryniksy”.
1925-1991 - creative activity as part of the Kukryniksy team.
1929 - creation of costumes and scenery for V. V. Mayakovsky’s enchanting comedy “The Bedbug” at the Meyerhold Theater.
1932-1981 - creation of illustrations for the works of M. Gorky, D. Bedny, M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, N. V. Gogol, N. S. Leskov, M. Cervantes, M. A. Sholokhov, I. A . Ilf and E.P. Petrov, cartoons for the Pravda newspaper, Krokodil magazine, cartoons of artists, published in separate books.
1941-1945 - creation of anti-war cartoons, posters and leaflets published in the Pravda newspaper and in TASS Windows.
1942-1948 - creation of the paintings “Tanya” and “Flight of the Nazis from Novgorod”.
1945 - accreditation of “Kukryniksy” as journalists at Nuremberg trials. A series of full-scale sketches was completed.
1925-1991 - individual creative activity of the artist. Numerous paintings and graphic works, cartoons that were repeatedly exhibited at all-Union and foreign art exhibitions.

Plan:

Introduction

• 1 Biography
• 2 Creativity
• 3 Awards and prizes
• 4 Bibliography

Introduction

Mikhail Vasilievich Kupriyanov(1903-1991) - Soviet painter and graphic artist, member of the Kukryniksy creative team. People's Artist of the USSR (1958). Full member of the USSR Academy of Arts since 1947. Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1965), five Stalin Prizes (1942, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1951) and the USSR State Prize (1975).

1. Biography

M.V. Kupriyanov was born on October 8 (21), 1903 in the small Volga town of Tetyushi (now in Tatarstan).

1919 - participates in an exhibition of amateur artists. First prize for watercolor landscape. 1920-1921 - studied at the Tashkent Central Art Training Workshops. 1921-1929 - studied at the graphic department of the Higher Art and Technical Workshops (VKHUTEMAS, later renamed VKHUTEIN) in Moscow with N. N. Kupreyanov, P. V. Miturich. 1925 - the formation of a creative group of three artists: Kupriyanov, Krylov, Sokolov, which gained national fame under the pseudonym “Kukryniksy”. 1925-1991 - creative activity as part of the Kukryniksy group. 1929 - creation of costumes and scenery for V. V. Mayakovsky’s enchanting comedy “The Bedbug” at the Meyerhold Theater. 1932-1981 - creation of illustrations for the works of M. Gorky, D. Bedny, M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, N. V. Gogol, N. S. Leskov, M. Cervantes, M. A. Sholokhov, I. A . Ilf and E.P. Petrov, cartoons for the Pravda newspaper, Krokodil magazine, cartoons of artists, published in separate books. 1941-1945 - creation of anti-war cartoons, posters and leaflets published in the newspaper "Pravda" and in "TASS Windows" 1942-1948 - creation of the paintings "Tanya" and "Flight of the Nazis from Novgorod". 1945 - accreditation of the Kukryniksy as journalists at the Nuremberg trials. A series of full-scale sketches was completed. 1925-1991 - individual creative activity of the artist. Numerous paintings, graphic works, and cartoons were produced, which were repeatedly exhibited at all-Union and foreign art exhibitions.

Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov died on November 11, 1991. Buried in Moscow on Novodevichy Cemetery(site no. 10).

2. Creativity

The work of Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov, known to many for his sharply satirical sketches or illustrations for favorite works of art under the collective pseudonym Kukryniksy, is much deeper and more multifaceted, it covers various directions fine arts. Many years of fruitful work as part of a wonderful creative group together with artists and friends P. N. Krylov and N. A. Sokolov gave national culture many wonderful works and brought them to their creators world fame, but in no case did it depersonalize the individual creativity of each author.

It is fair to note that the artist came to the refined pictorial form much later, after graduating from VKHUTEMAS, at the printing department of which he learned the basics of the craft from his teachers P. V. Miturich and N. I. Kupreyanov. This time, in particular, includes his works done in black watercolor (“In the VKHUTEMAS dormitory”, “In the courtyard of VKHUTEMAS”, “Student”, “Student”, “Reading”, etc.), in which the young artist demonstrates the beautiful mastery of drawing and light-shadow techniques.

Communication with outstanding Russian artists M.V. Nesterov and N.P. Krymov significantly shaped M.V. Kupriyanov’s worldview as an artist-painter. Subsequently, he recalled the instructions of N.P. Krymov, who argued that only color can help resolve the tonal relationships of light and dark. The tone, the overall tonality of the picture, the ratio of light and shadow, enhanced by color, color spot, according to outstanding Russian painters, are painting itself.

M.V. Kupriyanov does not address genre themes, and to an inherently chamber genre - landscape. Working in the open air allows him to escape from the bustle of the world and look into his inner spiritual world requiring peace and silence. It was them that the artist found on the shore Sea of ​​Azov in the small town of Genichesk. Kupriyanov the landscape painter is a true singer of nature; with the greatest care he conveys its unique images in his paintings, masterfully transferring to canvas the subtlest states of air, water, and sky. Landscapes made during creative trips abroad are painted with undisguised interest and insight. Paris, Rome, Venice appear in all their historical and architectural grandeur. The artist captures the special charm of each city, hears its heartbeat, sees and conveys the color scheme unique to this place.

Mikhail Vasilievich Kupriyanov lived a long, happy life creative life. He created many beautiful works of art, unique in skill and deep in their spiritual content. It is difficult to overestimate his contribution to artistic culture our country. His talent revealed many facets, he was lucky enough to experience the extraordinary joy of creativity, success, and recognition. But the most important thing, perhaps, is that his art has not lost its relevance to this day; it lives on, excites his contemporaries, makes him think about the beauty and transience of life and what, when a person leaves, he leaves behind.

3. Awards and prizes

• Hero of Socialist Labor (1973)
• folk artist USSR (1958)
• Lenin Prize (1965) - for a series of political cartoons published in the newspaper Pravda and the magazine Krokodil
• Stalin Prize, first degree (1942) - for a series of political posters and cartoons
• Stalin Prize, first degree (1947) - for illustrations to the works of A.P. Chekhov
• Stalin Prize, first degree (1949) - for the painting “The End” (1947-1948)
• Stalin Prize of the second degree (1950) - for political cartoons and illustrations for M. Gorky’s book “Foma Gordeev”
• Stalin Prize, first degree (1951) - for a series of posters “Warmongers” and other political cartoons, as well as for illustrations for M. Gorky’s novel “Mother”
• USSR State Prize (1975) - for the design and illustrations of N. S. Leskov’s story “Lefty”
• State Prize of the RSFSR named after I. E. Repin (1982) - for design and illustrations for the book “The History of a City” by M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin
• Order of Lenin (1973)
• order Patriotic War I degree

4. Bibliography

• KUKRYNIKSY, Publishing House " fine arts", Moscow, 1988
• “Mikhail Vasilievich Kupriyanov”, Catalog of the exhibition of paintings and graphics dedicated to the 105th anniversary of the artist’s birth, Forma Gallery, Moscow, 2008

Categories: Personalities in alphabetical order, Artists in alphabetical order, Born on October 21, Died in Moscow,

Painter, graphic artist, cartoonist. Winner of Lenin, five Stalin and State prizes. People's Artist of the USSR. Hero of Socialist Labor. Who is this? He'll go now short story about the activities of the country-famous artist Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov.

Childhood, youth, study

In an ancient provincial merchant town on the Volga with the funny name Tetyushi, which is translated from Tatar as “rock mountain,” a Russian boy Misha Kupriyanov was born in 1903. He grew up with the same boys near the big water, swam, swam, fished, sunbathed and fell in love with the water forever. Therefore, in his later landscape works it is almost always present. He early childhood drew. At the age of 16, the teenager received first prize at an exhibition of amateur artists for a landscape painted in watercolor.

Hunger forced the young man to flee south. It wasn't easy. He rode as a “hare” on the roof of a freight car or hid under the bench of a Volga steamship. Even then, he noticed everything funny that he encountered along the long journey.

M. Kupriyanov spent his 18th and 19th years in Tashkent, studying in art workshops and living in a boarding school, and later continued his serious studies in Moscow (VHUTEIN). They took him there without exams. It was enough that he presented his drawings. For seven years his teachers were P. Miturich and N. Kupreyanov. In the midst of his studies in 1925, together with friends P. Krylov and N. Sokolov, he created creative group“Kukryniksy”, which was active for 66 years and was extremely popular. Renting thesis, the young artist showed cartoons of Meyerhold, Stanislavsky, Grabar, Eisenstein, Lunacharsky. In parallel, all these years, creative individual personality Mikhail Vasilyevich as a painter. He enriched himself as an artist, communicating with Mikhail Nesterov and Nikolai Krymov, and grew into a real master of landscape, mastering the subtleties of the relationship between color and shadow.

During the war years

When the war, sacred to our people, was going on, the paintings “Tanya” and “Flight of the Nazis from Novgorod” were painted. A beautiful, proud, young and fearless young girl who is being led to execution. This is a powerful dramatic work dedicated to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. Everyone recognizes her in the picture. And her pseudonym was “Tanya”. The liberation of Novgorod from the Nazi evil spirits is shown by the artist in the city at night against the backdrop of distant blazing flames and a powerful five-domed cathedral. Plumes of smoke flutter behind him, and in the foreground, rapidly running Kraut figures rush about in disarray.

At the same time, as part of the Kukryniksy group, Mikhail Vasilyevich drew cartoons and posters.

In peacetime

After the war, the entire group was sent to the Nuremberg trials. The sketches of this community are poignant, but it is difficult to separate their collective creativity. Only by carefully examining the preliminary sketches of Mikhail Kupriyanov, one can see in the executioner Kaltenbrunner an ax with an ax neck, and the image of von Papen is an allegory of death.

Artist's landscapes

In his landscape works, the satirist is completely transformed into a pure poet and lyricist. He admires Naples, Paris, Rome, Venice. In each of these cities, he finds his own charm and color characteristic of a particular place. Tourist beauty does not attract him. Venice, filled with water, was especially loved by the artist. In general, water, which fascinated the boy since childhood, grew into an unchanging love for the great artist. In his homeland, Mikhail Kupriyanov paints intimate lyrical landscapes with fishing boats on the shores of the Azov Sea in the town of Genichesk. He is enchanted by the summer night, when dawn is about to come. Its slightly noticeable pinkish glow already appears in the light of the moon, which is not written. There is only her reflection. There is complete silence in the artist’s painting. Boats with tall thin masts are immersed in it, the sea, which in color almost merges with the sky. All work is done in ocher tones. (“Genichesk. Reflection of the moon”). The most wonderful works on the Sea of ​​Azov depict twilight and evening, reality slips away, becomes illusory and mysterious. In Crimea M.V. Kupriyanov often wrote Koktebel, where it is especially clean and transparent sea ​​water, where the vegetation is sparse, completely scorched by the sun, and the houses are white against the backdrop of high mountains.

The beloved Volga has not been forgotten either. Many landscapes were painted in Plyos, where everything breathes peace and quiet, the smooth surface of the water, and the reflections in it of figures of people and trees, and barges, and the pier.

In the artist’s city landscapes, rainy weather prevails, when there are many puddles on the streets, which repeat the silhouettes of passers-by and become a mirror for the sky and buildings. His Leningrad landscapes are also poetic, where magnificent architectural creations are reflected in the canals.

60 kilometers from Moscow in the sultry summer, M. Kupriyanov paints the painting “Nara River”. The artist’s summer landscape emanates heat, which, like a veil, covers a large meadow, and you want to hide under the light green shady crowns of trees, which are reflected in a narrow river with cool water. There is a wonderful play of light and shadow here.

In his numerous sketches and natural landscapes, the Soviet artist Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov conveyed to the modern viewer poetic perception of the natural world, its beauty and charm.

Tatiana Piksanova

An outstanding Soviet painter, graphic artist and cartoonist, author of world-famous political posters. Member of the creative team Kukryniksy. People's Artist of the USSR (1958). Hero of Socialist Labor (1973). Full member of the USSR Academy of Arts (1947). Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1965), five Stalin Prizes (1942, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1951) and the State Prize of the USSR (1975), the State Prize of the RSFSR. I. E. Repin. He worked in the field of satire, on works on political, historical and revolutionary themes and the theme of the Great Patriotic War.

Mikhail Kupriyanov was born in the small Volga town of Tetyushi. In 1919 he participated in an exhibition of amateur artists. Received first prize for a watercolor landscape. In 1920-1921 he studied at the Tashkent Central Art Training Workshops.

From 1921 to 1929 he studied at the graphic department of the Higher Art and Technical Workshops (VKHUTEMAS, VKHUTEIN) in Moscow with N. N. Kupreyanov and P. V. Miturich.

Since 1925, he was a member of the creative group of three artists formed at the same time: M. V. Kupriyanov, P. N. Krylov, N. A. Sokolov, which gained national fame under the pseudonym “Kukryniksy”. Throughout the artist’s life, his creative activity continued as part of this team. In 1929, he worked on costumes and sets for V. V. Mayakovsky’s enchanting comedy “The Bedbug” at the Meyerhold Theater. Created large number illustrations for the works of M. Gorky, D. Bedny, M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, N. V. Gogol, N. S. Leskov, M. Cervantes, M. A. Sholokhov, I. A. Ilf and E. P . Petrova; cartoons for the newspapers “Pravda”, “ Komsomolskaya Pravda", "Literary newspaper"; magazines “Crocodile”, “Prozhektor”, “Smena”, “Smekhach”; cartoons of artists, published in separate books.

In the late 20s - early 30s Kupriyanov worked a lot in watercolors and made many industrial landscapes related to the railway. These sheets attract with artistry, freedom of execution, and convincingly conveyed movement. The artist enlivens his works with locomotives, carriages, tanks, depot buildings with figures of railway workers, various technical buildings and devices - switches, station booths, semaphore supports. The vitality of these watercolors is in the subtle harmony of nature and technology, perfectly conveyed by the atmosphere of morning fog and air, which Kupriyanov masterfully creates with rather limited means. Their composition is dynamic, the coloring is ascetic and collected - all graphic elements work to highlight the main thing.

During the Great Patriotic War, with his colleagues in the creative union (Porfiry Nikitich Krylov and Nikolai Aleksandrovich Sokolov), he created a large number of anti-war cartoons and posters (“In Moscow, rolls are as hot as fire!” 1941, “We will ruthlessly defeat and destroy the enemy!” 1941, “We beat, we beat and we will beat!” 1941, “We fight hard, we stab desperately - the grandchildren of Suvorov, the children of Chapaev” 1942) and leaflets published in the newspaper “Pravda” and “Windows TASS” (“Brekhomet” No. 625, “Transformation” Fritz" No. 640, "At a reception with the possessed commander-in-chief" No. 899, "The hour is approaching" No. 985, "Krylov's monkey about Goebbels" No. 1109, "History with geography" No. 1218 and many others). In 1942-1948 - the creation of the paintings “Tanya” and “Flight of the Nazis from Novgorod”. As part of Kukryniksy, he was present as an artist-journalist at the Nuremberg trials and completed a series of sketches from nature. 1925-1991 - individual creative activity of the artist.

He worked a lot independently as a painter and graphic artist, painted a large number of landscapes near Moscow, views of European cities: Venice, Naples, Paris, Rome (“Sukhanovo” 1945, “Moscow. Neglinnaya Street” 1946, “Pier in the Evening” 1947, “Moscow” 1948, “Leningrad” 1949, “Sea of ​​Azov” 1951, “Bridge on the River” 1953, “Venice. Bridge” 1957, “Paris” 1960, “Venice Canal” 1963, “River” 1969, “Koktebel in October” 1973, “ Rome" 1975, "Genichesk" 1977, "Litvinovo Summer" 1979). Appreciated creativity French artists, in particular the Barbizonians: C. Corot, J. Millet, C. Daubigny, J. Dupre, T. Rousseau. The post-war, airy, brownish-silver landscapes of Mikhail Kupriyanov are coloristically reminiscent of the works of these artists. Despite a completely traditional and even conservative painting style, he developed his own subtle recognizable style. Simplicity, laconism and persuasiveness visual techniques characteristic of Kupriyanov the landscape painter. In terms of the content and depth of feeling that the artist puts into his landscapes, their figurative completeness and compositional integrity, many of his sketches are more reminiscent of small paintings.

Repeatedly exhibited at all-Union and foreign art exhibitions, the works of the artist M. V. Kupriyanov are presented in the State Tretyakov Gallery, the Pushkin Museum. A. S. Pushkin, Vilnius state museum arts and others major museums former USSR, private collections in Russia, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Spain, France, USA, Japan and others.

Yesterday, November 11, 2010, was exactly nine years since his death outstanding artist Soviet era Mikhail Vasilievich Kupriyanov.

He is familiar to the average person with satirical sketches under the pseudonym Kukryniksy, which unites several authors: Mikhail Vasilyevich, Porfiry Nikitich Krylov and Nikolai Aleksandrovich Sokolov. This creative union, which existed for many years, brought its participants well-deserved worldwide fame and presented Soviet and world culture with many wonderful works. It’s amazing, but despite the joint creativity in each work you can guess the “handwriting” of each of the three authors. However, the other side of the work of Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov is little known to the general public. In addition to caricature, he was seriously involved in other areas of fine art.

A little from the biography. Mikhail Vasilyevich was born in the Kazan province in the village of Tetyushi on October 21, 1903. He studied at VKHUTEMAS in the printing department. His teachers were P.V. Miturich and N.I. Kupreyanov. It was during his student days that he wrote his first works, which later became famous (“Reading”, “Student”, “In the courtyard of VKHUTEMAS”, “Student”, “In the VKHUTEMAS dormitory”).

In his post-student work, Kupriyanov pays great attention to the landscape. Working in the fresh air, he is distracted from all the fuss, work completely captivates him, he writes with passion and inspiration. This passion allowed him to create such amazing landscapes, which will take your breath away when you look at them, and the viewer, just like the artist once, will be transported into the landscape. What can we say, if you can even see air in Kupriyanov’s landscapes! Mikhail Vasilyevich worked not only in the USSR. Unlike many of his fellow citizens, he often visited Europe. His canvases depict landscapes of Paris, Rome and Venice. In them he caught the “face” and unique “character” of each city. Thanks to the fact that Kupriyanov was able to highlight something elusive, but something that everyone knows, the landscapes of these cities are so impressive.

The life of this wonderful artist was long and happy. And the contribution that Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov made to our art can hardly be overestimated. His work is timeless. It is as relevant today as it was 20, 30, and 40 years ago.