Calendar of memorable dates in the life of I.A. Bunin The main dates of life and work and. A. Bunina

Role and place in literature

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is a talented Russian writer and poet of the 19th-20th centuries, an honorary academician. His work received world recognition. Bunin became the first Russian Nobel Prize winner.

Origin and early years

Ivan Alekseevich was born on October 10, 1870 in Voronezh. The house in which his childhood began was located on Bolshaya Dvoryanskaya Street.

Bunin's origins are not simple; he was a representative of an ancient noble family. Among his relatives it is worth highlighting the poetess Anna Bunina and the writer Vasily Zhukovsky.

Father - Alexey Nikolaevich Bunin, landowner. He was unable to get a good education: he graduated from only one class of the Oryol gymnasium and left his studies. At the age of 16, Alexey Nikolaevich became an employee in the office. His son remembered him as an ardent but noble man.

Mother - Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Bunina (nee Chubarova), was a cousin of her husband Alexei. She was a meek, pious woman. Perhaps it was from her that the future writer inherited his special impressionability.

In 1867, the Bunin family moved from the village to the city for the education of their older children.

When Ivan was four years old, he and his parents moved to the family estate.

The childhood of the future poet passed in a creative atmosphere. He's with early years listened to poems by great poets, including Pushkin.

Education

Bunin received homemade primary education. In 1881 he began studying at the Yeletsk gymnasium. Ivan's father, who himself did not receive a decent education, wanted to give it to his son. However, the future poet did not fully cope with his studies; mathematics turned out to be his Achilles heel. Perhaps that is why he came home on vacation in 1886 and no longer wanted to return to the gymnasium. And yet, Bunin received a good education thanks to his brother Yuli, who graduated from the university with honors.

Creation

Ivan Bunin chose for himself the most truthful direction in literature - realism. However, Bunin's realism is special, filled with sensitivity. The writer was characterized by an interest in ordinary life people, attention to detail.

Bunin's realism does not lie in the disclosure of political events, but in the analysis of the characters of ordinary people.

The world first saw Bunin's poems in 1888. A year later, he moves to the city of Orel and becomes a proofreader in a local newspaper. The poet simply calls his first collection of poetry “Poems.” However, Bunin's lyrics soon become widely known in Russia.

In 1915, a collection of Bunin’s prose entitled “Complete Works” was published.

In 1909, Ivan Alekseevich became a recognized academician of sciences in St. Petersburg.

The poet received the ideas of the revolution very emotionally and left Russia. The period in emigration was full of travel to different countries.

Major works

Ivan Bunin was the first Russian writer to receive Nobel Prize. The decision of the Swedish Academy was largely influenced by the novel “The Life of Arsenyev”. Bunin wrote it while in France.

Bunin’s story “Easy Breathing” became very famous, in which the author described a special type of woman - mysterious, able to subjugate men.

In 1915, the story “The Gentleman from San Francisco” was published, written in the style of frightening naturalism. Many writers highly appreciated Bunin's talent precisely after the publication of this story.

Recent years

At the end of his life, Bunin was very ill, but continued literary activity. He worked on a portrait of Anton Chekhov, but did not have time to finish his work. The poet passed away on November 8, 1953.

Chronological table (by dates)

Interesting facts from the life of Ivan Bunin

• Ivan Bunin studied at the gymnasium for only 4 years. Further education he received by studying at home. His older brother became his teacher. But home education could not replace full-fledged study, so Bunin regretted that he was never able to study at educational institutions further.
• Bunin had his first attempt at writing at the age of 17. In the poems there is a noticeable imitation of the works of Pushkin and Lermontov.
• Ivan Bunin became the first Russian writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize.

Writer's Museum

In 1991, the Bunin Museum was opened in the city of Orel on Georgievsky Lane. The place for it was a noble mansion. There is also a house-museum of the author in Efremov and his literary and memorial museum in Yelets.

• Ivan Alekseevich Bunin was born on October 10 (22), 1870 in Voronezh. He came from an ancient noble family. In his “Autobiographical Note” (1915), Bunin wrote: “This family gave birth to a wonderful woman at the beginning of the last century, the poetess A.P. Bunin, and the poet V.A. Zhukovsky (the illegitimate son of A.I. Bunin); We are somewhat related to the brothers Kireevsky, Grot, Yushkov, Voeikov, Bulgakov, Soimonov.”
• Father, Alexey Nikolaevich Bunin, was a landowner (Oryol and Tula provinces), went bankrupt due to his addiction to wine and cards. Participated in the Crimean War of 1853-86.
• Mother, Lyudmia Aleksandrovna Bunina (nee Chubarova) - was distant relative husband and, according to family legend, came from an ancient princely family. She gave birth to 9 children, five of whom died at an early age.
• 1874 - the Bunin family moves to the estate, the Butyrki farm of the Predtechevsky volost, Yeletsky district, Oryol province. Ivan Bunin is invited to a home teacher - N.O. Romashkov, a student at Moscow University. According to the recollections of Bunin himself, it was a life connected “with the field, with peasant huts” (“Autobiographical Note”).
• 1881 - Ivan Bunin enters the 1st grade of the Yelets gymnasium. At the age of 7 he begins to write poetry.
• 1886 - Bunin is expelled from the gymnasium for failure to appear from vacation and non-payment of tuition. Ivan’s older brother Yuli, a participant in the populist movement, undertakes to teach Ivan. Thanks to him, the future writer mastered the entire gymnasium and partly university courses.
• February 22, 1887 - Bunin’s poem “Over the Grave of Nadson” was first published in the Rodina newspaper. Several more poems and stories “Two Wanderers” and “Nefedka” were published in the same newspaper.
• 1889 - Bunin moves to Kharkov to his brother Yuli and begins independent life. Independence was hard, I had to work hard. For several months, Bunin changed several jobs, was a statistician, a librarian, and even owned a bookstore.
• In the fall of 1889, the publisher of the Orlovsky Vestnik newspaper invited Bunin to work in the editorial office. One of the Orlovsky Vestnik employees, Varvara Vladimirovna Pashchenko, became Bunin’s first love.
• Ivan Alekseevich is fond of Tolstoyism. The ideas of simplification became close to him, and over the next few years he visited several colonies of Tolstoyans in Ukraine.
• 1890 - Bunin, having independently studied English language, translates G. Longfellow’s poem “The Song of Hiawatha.”
• 1891 – the first book by I.A. is published as a supplement to the newspaper “Orlovsky Vestnik”. Bunin "Poems 1887 - 1891."
• 1894 - Bunin and Varvara Pashchenko break up. The breakup occurs in Poltava on the initiative of Varvara. In the future, based on this love, Bunin will create storyline Arsenyev - Lika in the novel “The Life of Arsenyev”.
• In the same year, Ivan Alekseevich meets with L.N. Tolstoy, who recommends that he not get too carried away with “simplifying things.” Bunin decides to devote himself to literature.
• 1895 - in St. Petersburg, and then in Moscow, Bunin enters the literary circle. Meets N.K. Mikhailovsky, A.P. Chekhov, V.Ya. Bryusov, K.D. Balmont. In Odessa, an acquaintance with A.I. takes place. Kuprin.
• 1896 - Bunin’s translation of “The Song of Hiawatha” is published as a supplement to the newspaper “Orlovsky Vestnik”.
• 1897 – the book by I.A. is published. Bunin "To the ends of the world and other stories."
• 1898 – a collection of poems by I.A. is published. Bunin "Under open air».
• 1900 – the story “ Antonov apples»
• 1901 - Bunin publishes a collection of poems, Falling Leaves, at the Scorpion publishing house.
• 1902 – 1909 – the first collected works of I.A. are published. Bunin in 5 volumes.
• 1903 - for “Falling Leaves” and the translation of “The Song of Hiawatha” the Russian Academy of Sciences awards Bunin the Pushkin Prize.
• 1906 - Bunin meets Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva, who soon becomes his wife.
• 1907 - Bunin and his wife set off on their first “cherished journey”: to Egypt, Syria, Palestine.
• 1909 - Bunin is awarded the second Pushkin Prize; in the same year he was elected honorary academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• 1910 – the story by I.A. was published. Bunin "Village".
• 1912 - a collection of I.A. was published. Bunin "Sukhodol: Tales and Stories 1911 - 1912".
• 1913 – the book by I.A. was published. Bunin "John the Rider: Stories and Poems 1912 - 1913."
• 1915 – published full meeting works by I.A. Bunin in 6 volumes.
• 1916 – the book by I.A. was published. Bunin "Mr. from San Francisco: Works 1915 - 16".
• 1917 - Bunin reacts hostilely to the October Revolution. Writes a diary-pamphlet “Cursed Days”.
• 1920 - Bunin leaves Russia and emigrates to France.
• In the same year I.A. Bunin heads the Union of Russian Writers and Journalists in Paris and makes many appeals.
• 1925 – 1927 – Bunin writes a regular political and literary column in the newspaper Vozrozhdenie.
• In the second half of the 20s, Bunin experienced his “ last love" She became the poetess Galina Nikolaevna Kuznetsova.
• 1927 – 1938 - work on the novel “The Life of Arsenyev”. Kuznetsova actively helped Bunin and is a copyist of the novel.
• 1933 - severance of relations with Kuznetsova on her initiative.
• November 9, 1933 – I.A. Bunin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature “for his truthful artistic talent, with which he recreated in prose the typical Russian character.”
• The period of the 2nd World War - Bunin in Grasse, in the south of France.
• Post-war period - Bunin returns to Paris. He is no longer an adamant opponent of the Soviet regime, but he also does not recognize the changes that have occurred in Russia. In Paris, Ivan Alekseevich visits the Soviet ambassador and gives an interview to the newspaper “Soviet Patriot”.
• 1946 – the book by I.A. was published. Bunin "Dark Alleys".
• At the same time, the leadership of the Union of Russian Writers and Journalists in Paris excludes from its members all those who accepted Soviet citizenship. Bunin leaves this organization in protest. Many colleagues turn away from him. The collection of I.A., which is almost ready for publication, is not being published in the Soviet Union. Bunin, and the interview in “Soviet Patriot” turns out to be falsified.
• 1950 – the book by I.A. was published. Bunin's "Memoirs", notable for its harsh assessments.
• November 8, 1953 - Ivan Alekseevich Bunin dies in Paris. He was buried in the Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois cemetery in the vicinity of the French capital.

The chronological table of Bunin, presented on this page, will be an excellent assistant in studying both at school and at university. It collected all the most important and basic dates of Bunin’s life and work. Bunin's biography in the table was compiled by experienced philologists and linguists. Data presented in the table? written down briefly, which is why information is absorbed twice as quickly.

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin left behind great legacy which is still being studied today. Find out about it creative path and the tragedies experienced can be found in the table, which combines all the stages of the life of the great writer.

1881 – Ivan Bunin’s parents send their son to the Yeletsk gymnasium.

1886, March– Ivan Bunin was expelled from the gymnasium. The reason was the lack of tuition fees, and Bunin did not return from vacation to study.

1887 – Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is published for the first time - his poems “The Village Beggar” and “Over the Grave of S. Ya. Nadson” are published in the patriotic newspaper “Rodina”;

1889 – The young writer moves to Oryol, where he goes to work at Oryol Vestnik.

1891 – “Poems 1887 – 1891” are published in Orel.

1893-1894 – Ivan Bunin falls under the influence of L.N. Tolstoy, so much so that the writer is going to become a cooper. Only with L.N. Tolstoy at a meeting in 1894 was able to persuade Ivan Alekseevich to give up this idea.

1895 – The writer moves to St. Petersburg, and a little later to Moscow, where he begins to get acquainted with the capital’s literary circle: A.P. Chekhov, A.I. Kuprin, V.Ya.Bryusov.

1896 – Ivan Bunin translates the poem “The Song of Hiawatha” American writer G. W. Longfellow. Later, the writer will improve this translation and reprint it several times.

1897 – Book of stories “To the End of the World.”

1898 – The writer publishes a collection of his poems “Under the Open Air”;

Ivan Bunin is getting married. Anna Nikolaevna Tsakni becomes his wife, who will give him a son, Kolya, a little later.

1899 – Bunin’s marriage turns out to be fragile and falls apart.

1900 – The writer goes to Yalta, where he meets the founders of the Moscow Art Theater;

writes the story “Antonov Apples”.

1901 – A collection of poems “Falling Leaves” is being published.

1903 – Bunin is awarded the Pushkin Prize for his translation of “The Song of Hiawatha” and for the collection “Falling Leaves.”

1903-1904 – Travels through France, Italy and the Caucasus.

1905 – Ivan Bunin’s only son, Kolya, dies.

1909 – Ivan Bunin receives the second Pushkin Prize for the book “Poems 1903 – 1906”;

becomes an academician Russian Academy Sci.

1911 - The story “Sukhodol”.

1917 – The writer lives in Moscow. The events of the February revolution are perceived as the collapse of the state.

1918-1919 - “Cursed days.”

1924 - “Rose of Jericho.”

1925 - “Mitya’s love.”

1927 - “Sunstroke.”

1929 – Bunin’s book “Selected Poems” is published.

1927-1933 – Ivan Alekseevich Bunin is working on the novel “The Life of Arsenyev.”

1931 - "God's tree."

1933 – Ivan Bunin is awarded the Nobel Prize.

1950 – In the capital of France, Ivan Alekseevich publishes the book “Memoirs”.

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To the question Where to get Chronological table I. A. Bunina??? given by the author First class the best answer is Chronology of the life of I. A. Bunin
Born on November 10 (22), 1870 in Voronezh, into an old impoverished noble family. He spends his childhood on the Butyrki farm in Oryol province.
1881 - enters the Yeletsk gymnasium, but, without completing four classes, continues his education under the guidance of his older brother Julius, an exiled Narodnaya Volya member.
1887 - first published poem (“Over Nadson’s grave”).
1889 - begins working as a proofreader, statistician, librarian, and newspaper reporter.
1891 - the collection "Poems of 1887-1891" is published in Orel.
1892 - Bunin, together with his common-law wife V.V. Pashchenko, moves to Poltava, where he serves in the city land administration. Articles, essays, and stories by Bunin appear in the local newspaper. In 1892-94. Bunin's poems and stories begin to be published in metropolitan magazines.
In 1893-94. Bunin is greatly influenced by L.N. Tolstoy, who is perceived by him as a “demigod”; the apotheosis of this attitude will later become Bunin’s religious and philosophical treatise “The Liberation of Tolstoy” (Paris, 1937).
1895 - Bunin leaves his service and leaves for St. Petersburg, then to Moscow, enters the capital’s literary environment, meets N.K. Mikhailovsky, A.P. Chekhov, K.D. Balmont, V.Ya. Bryusov, V.G. Korolenko, A.I. Kuprin and others. Initially friendly relations with Balmont and Bryusov in the early 1900s. acquired a hostile character, and until the last years of his life Bunin assessed the work and personalities of these poets extremely harshly.
1897 - publication of Bunin's book "To the End of the World" and other stories.
1898 - collection of poems "Under the Open Air".
1899 - acquaintance with M. Gorky, who attracts Bunin to cooperate in the publishing house "Knowledge". Friendly relations with Gorky will continue until 1917. , and then interrupted due to Bunin’s rejection of the political orientation and activities of the revolutionary-minded Gorky.
1900 - the story “Antonov Apples” appeared in print. In the same year, Bunin travels to Berlin, Paris, and Switzerland.
1901 - the collection "Leaf Fall" is published, which received the Pushkin Prize.
1904 - travel through France and Italy.
1906 - acquaintance with V.N. Muromtseva (1881-1961), future wife and author of the book “The Life of Bunin”.
1907 - travel to Egypt, Syria, Palestine. The result of the trips is the cycle of essays “Temple of the Sun” (1907-11).
1909 - The Academy of Sciences elects Bunin as an honorary academician. During a trip to Italy, Bunin visits Gorky, who then lived on the island. Capri. In addition to his own literary creativity Bunin is translating. Among his poetic translations are “The Song of Hiawatha” (1896, 2nd edition 1898) by G. Longfellow, philosophical dramas J. Byron "Cain" (1905), "Manfred" (1904), "Heaven and Earth" (1909), etc.
1910 - Bunin’s first big work is published, which became an event in literary and public life, - the story "Village".
1912 - the collection "Sukhodol. Tales and Stories" is published. Subsequently, other collections were published (“John Rydalets. Stories and poems of 1912-1913,” 1913; “The Cup of Life. Stories of 1913-1914,” 1915; “Mr. from San Francisco. Works of 1915-1916.” , 1916).
1920 - met with hostility October Revolution, Bunin emigrates to France. Here he is in 1927-33. working on the novel "The Life of Arsenyev".
1933 - Bunin was awarded the Nobel Prize "for the true artistic talent with which he recreated artistic prose typical Russian character." By the end of the 30s, Bunin increasingly felt the drama of the break with the Motherland and avoided direct political statements about the USSR. Recent years lives in great poverty, starving. During these years, Bunin created a cycle of short stories "Dark Alleys" (New York, 1943, in its entirety - Paris, 1946), published a book about L.N. Tolstoy ("The Liberation of Tolstoy", Paris, 1937), "Memoirs" (Paris, 1950) etc.
November 8, 1953 - Ivan Alekseevich Bunin dies in the same year as I.V. Stalin and becomes the first emigration writer, who in 1954 begins to be published again in his homeland.

MAIN DATES IN THE LIFE AND WORK OF I. A. BUNINA

1870 , October 10 - born in Voronezh, in the family of a small nobleman Alexei Nikolaevich Bunin and Lyudmila Alexandrovna, née Princess Chubarova. He spent his childhood “in one of the small family estates,” on the Butyrki farm in the Yelets district of the Oryol province.

1881 - entered the Yelets gymnasium.

1885 - lives in the Yelets village of Ozerki, studies under the guidance of his brother Yuli. Writes first poems.

1887 - the first poem was published in the May issue of the St. Petersburg magazine “Rodina”.

1889 - trip to brother Yuliy in Kharkov. He received an invitation to collaborate in the Orlovsky Vestnik, a newspaper of “social life, literature, politics and trade.” Meeting and beginning of a romance with Varvara Pashchenko. Trip to Crimea.

1891 - the first book “Poems of 1887–1891” is published in the printing house of the Orlovsky Vestnik. The poem “Don’t frighten me with a thunderstorm” from this collection was included by Bunin in many subsequent publications.

1892 - moved with V. Pashchenko to Poltava. He serves in the council, “out of love for Tolstoy as an artist,” and becomes close to the Tolstoyans.

1894 - travels along the Dnieper. In Moscow he meets with Tolstoy. Travels around Little Russia with his brother Julius. Arrest for illegal trade in Tolstoy's literature from the Posrednik publishing house. After death Alexandra III released under amnesty. Break with Paschenko.

1898 - a collection of poems “Under the Open Air” is published. Meeting with A. N. Tsakni and marrying her.

1900 - birth of son Nikolai. Break with A. N. Tsakni.

1904 - the collection of poems “Falling Leaves” and the translation of “The Song of Hiawatha” were awarded the Pushkin Prize. The death of A.P. Chekhov, which “shocked” him “extraordinarily.”

1905 - death of son Kolya. He returned from St. Petersburg to Moscow, where he experienced an “armed uprising,” as the December days in Moscow were then called.

1906 - meeting Vera Muromtseva.

1907 - a trip with Vera Nikolaevna to Egypt, Syria and Palestine, from which their life together began.

1909 - award of the second Pushkin Prize. Election as an honorary academician. Worked on the story “The Village”.

1910 - “Village” was published in the magazine “ Modern world" Traveling through France, Algeria. A trip to Capri to see A. M. Gorky, then to Egypt and Ceylon. Death of L. N. Tolstoy.

1914 - trip along the Volga. I was working on my collected works and was drowning in proofreading.

1915 - cooperation with the journal “Chronicles”, published with the participation of A. M. Gorky. Marx's publishing house publishes a collection of works in six volumes.

1918 - departure from Moscow to Odessa. Meets with M. Voloshin, V. Kataev, O. L. Knipper-Chekhova and others.

1920 - departure from Odessa on the ship "Sparta". We arrived in Paris through Turkey and Bulgaria. We settled on Jacques Offenbach Street.

1923 - lives in France at the Mont Fleury villa, not far from Grasse, then at the Belvedere villa, then at the Jeannette villa.

1927 - writes short stories, later included in the book “The Tree of God,” is working on the novel “The Life of Arsenyev.” The young poetess G. N. Kuznetsova settles in the Belvedere villa.

1933 - the last, fifth book “The Lives of Arsenyev” was written and published in the journal “Modern Notes”. Coming out in London English translation this novel. The Swedish Academy awards Bunin the Nobel Prize for Literature. Award presentation.

1937 - Bunin’s book “The Liberation of Tolstoy” was published in Paris. Trip to Yugoslavia. Traveling around the Baltics.

1945 - invited to a conversation at the Soviet embassy in Paris. Counting on Bunin's return to his homeland, preparations for the publication of his works begin in the USSR. The writer refused to return, the publication did not take place.

1946 - the first complete edition of Bunin’s book of stories “Dark Alleys” is published in Paris in Russian. Meeting K. Simonov - “I saw each other on friendly terms more than once.” Signed a contract to publish " Dark alleys"in England.

1947 - continuous diseases. A trip to Juan-les-Pins to the “House of Rest” for treatment. Leaves the Union of Russian Writers and Journalists.

1948 - “Autobiographical Notes” were published in “Russian Word”, which caused disapproving reviews.

1950 - publication in Paris in Russian of the book “Memoirs”, where he gave harsh assessments to many writers.

1954 - Bunin’s ashes were transferred from the temporary crypt and buried in the Saint-Genevieve-des-Bois cemetery.

Main dates of life and work: 1883, April 30 - Jaroslav Hasek was born in Prague. 1893 - admitted to the gymnasium on Zhitnaya Street. 1898, February 12 - leaves the gymnasium. 1899 - enters the Prague Commercial School. 1900, summer - wandering around Slovakia. 1901 , January 26 - in the newspaper “Parodies Sheets”