A person’s consciousness is blinkered by the information that is instilled in him since childhood. But as soon as you point out to him the inconsistency of the imposed versions, he immediately declares: I knew this the day before yesterday. So, most of our history was created precisely in order to confuse, lead away from logical conclusions, distract from perception complete picture, breaking this picture into puzzles and focusing on the most colorful, but not explanatory, fragments. Understanding comes only to a few. I want the ranks of thinkers to number thousands, tens of thousands, millions. Perhaps strong words, but I try, I at least do something. (ZigZag).
And now I’m sitting and looking at the old map of St. Petersburg, and I’m amazed...
Plan of St. Petersburg by I. Homann. Paper, etching, chisel, watercolor. 50.5x59.5 cm. 1720s (before 1725)
Plan of 1737, 34 years from its foundation.
And history says that St. Petersburg was founded on May 16, 1703 (the Emperor laid the first stone of the building on May 16, 1703, on the day of the Holy Trinity. Here is the legend about the founding of the city), and that all this was done in 10-15 years, during winters - 35-40, midges, dampness, lack of roads and factories, and I'm not even talking about construction equipment. Just take a look at Vasilyevsky Island, there is nothing yet, but there are markings and layout, but what about the scale? No one in Europe has ever thought about such a layout, but here?
Summer Garden in 1716, author Alexey Zubov. Is the speed of construction “not the same as the current tribe,” or is there a catch somewhere, maybe the historians are lying? Some of the buildings depicted in this engraving, according to official history, should appear much later, after the death of the author, but A. Zubov knows exactly what and where to draw.
To the left and right you can see spiers in the distance, to the left is the Mikhailovsky Castle, to the right is the Savior on Spilled Blood, and so: on April 17, 1819, the foundation of the Mikhailovsky Palace was laid. This day became the founding day of one of largest museums world - State Russian Museum. The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood was erected in 1883-1907, on the site where Tsar Liberator Alexander II was mortally wounded on March 1, 1881. But more on that below. The punctures of Zubov Montferan, Falconet, Schubert, Karamzin and the artistic gift of the well-known A.S. We will look at Pushkin in detail below.
It is hard to believe that the planning, layout and alignment of St. Petersburg buildings under Peter the Great was carried out without surveyors; the scope and accuracy, volumes and territory are amazing. Or maybe the city existed long before the current historical version of its appearance?
In this regard, another observation is very interesting, when all of Europe lived in cities, where sewage systems hardly appeared under the streets, the width of which barely allowed carts to pass, and buildings expanded from the center (map of Paris, late 17th century, at that time the only standard city construction)
The same Amsterdam that taught Peter everything
(London (below), the year is indicated on the map.... The capital is like a capital, not a single straight line)
Moscow could not get rid of chaotic buildings.
And here is a map of Kyiv - the mother of Russian cities
The map is from 1717, and this is only the construction project for St. Petersburg, ordered but not launched
But the 1720 card, as they say “in fact”
So to lay out Vasilyevsky Island without surveyors... well, no way, so who to believe?
It is necessary to make a reservation that the surviving historical information about the founding of St. Petersburg is not absolutely reliable. The Preobrazhensky marching journal says that on May 11 Peter went by land to Shlisselburg, on May 14 he was at the Syass mouth, on May 16 he traveled even further, and on May 17 he arrived at Lodeynaya pier. Thus, if you believe this diary, on May 16 Peter was not in St. Petersburg. Therefore, many take June 29, 1703, when the foundation stone of the Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul was laid, as the day the new capital was founded. It is also worthy of note that in no modern documents the name of St. Petersburg is mentioned either in May or June of that year; This area retained the name of Schlotburg. But on maps of the early 18th century Peter and Paul Fortress it already stands, not an island, but a fortress, with clearly outlined borders. This is how it is today, just taken from Google Maps, the same six rays, but how long did it take to build it according to history? And one more thing... I. E. Kleinenberg discovered news of Vasilyevsky Island, lying at the mouth of the Neva, in a Livonian document of 1426, strange, isn’t it?
It is written that the construction was completed in 1780, and in 1785 some of the walls were lined with granite, as it were, and on the maps of 1720 all the walls are there.
Plan of the Peter and Paul Fortress
It clearly resembles all the other fortresses, as if they were made according to the same scenario. The example of the walled city was taken from the Italian Renaissance star-shaped fortress of the 1500s.
Nyenschanz
Nyenskans - Russified from Nyenskans (Swedish Nyenskans, Finnish Nevanlinna, Russian Kantsy) - a Swedish fortress, which was the main fortification of the city of Nyen (Swedish Nyen) on Cape Okhta on the banks of the Neva, at the mouth of the Okhta River on its left bank, next to modern Krasnogvardeyskaya Square in St. Petersburg. The fortress was founded in 1611 on lands seized from Russia, on the site of the Russian trading settlement of Nevsky Gorodok (Nevskoye Ustye) to control the Izhora land, called Ingermanlandia by the Swedes, and control the waterway up the Neva. Literally translated as Nevsky (Nyen) trench (skans).
Here detailed map star-shaped forts scattered throughout Europe.
All these fortresses are the remains of former forts and fortifications, built according to the same type of plan, and in time immemorial.
And in the depths of the earth, right under the foundations of churches and temples that have decayed over time, you can find this:
How the text reminds us of the times of Alexander Nevsky, Ivan the Terrible...
Examples of falsification of history await us at every step. For example, a 19th century artist paints the history of St. Petersburg.
The fictional story is ready, now all this is turned over and the countdown begins from the lowest date. It was said that it was so, so it WAS!
Here's another map, pay attention to the date 1698.
This official history, commissioned for textbooks, but these maps contradict other maps, such as Erik Nilsson Aspegreen's 1643 map
In ancient Russian and Scandinavian written sources up to the Orekhovetsky Treaty of 1323, 42 settlements were noted in the Neva region, on the Baltic coast and in the Ladoga region. Of these, 32 Novgorod settlements (the size and social scale from the capital city to the monastery village), 6 cities “in Chudi”, 1 city in Latgall, 1 city in the land of the Livonians, 1 German city. According to the Orekhovetsky Treaty, the state border between the Novgorod Republic and Sweden moved to the river. Sister.
Based on historical data, we can now say that in the territory of the future Greater St. Petersburg during the 15th - late 17th centuries. 900–1000 settlements existed stably, united by hundreds of kilometers of roads. Many of these settlements became the “buds” of the creation of St. Petersburg settlements, ensembles and building blocks. Even under Peter I, the borders of St. Petersburg included the territories of at least 55 villages of the pre-Petrine period, and the suburban zone united more than a hundred pre-existing villages, manors, hamlets and hamlets. Modern St. Petersburg and the territories under its administrative control already cover more than 200 ancient settlements.
This area has always been quite densely populated, and the notes of a passing cartographer should not be neglected, just like this map from the early 17th century.
Here is another plan of the city with the Nieshants fortress, dated 1643.
And here is the Nieshanc fortress, founded in 1611.
The mouth of the Neva River, the city of Nyen and its surroundings, late 17th century.
According to Swedish historians, in 1691 there was a catastrophic flood on the Neva. The water rose to Nien seven and a half meters above normal. This was the highest recorded water height during the entire existence of Nyen, a lot of coastal structures went under water and were subsequently abandoned.
Wonderful maps of the early 18th century, from a history buff under the pseudonym Father Sergiy.
Pay attention to how the card is signed.
This is the first map of St. Petersburg that I have come across with a TARTAR settlement.
And here is PETROPOLIS in 1703, interesting, right? We just got ready to build it, but it’s already built
Petropolis in 1744, what scale, what speed of construction, how many microdistricts, canals and communications.
Many villages in the vicinity of St. Petersburg are much more venerable than the age of Northern Palmyra; many settlements have changed several names. For example, the village of Korbiselske (on the Swedish map of 1662) is the current Korabselki (near the Bugry farm). And the village of Irinovka, which gave its name to the first narrow-gauge railway in Russia, has changed several names over the centuries: Mariselka - Orinka - Irinovka.
Unfortunately, much has already been lost, much is disappearing right before our eyes. But in the forests of the Karelian Isthmus there are still boundary stones marking the border of 1323:
Almost from the very moment the city was founded, a legend began to take shape about St. Petersburg as a ghostly city, about its “unreality” and disconnection from the history of the country. In 1845, in the article “St. Petersburg and Moscow” V.G. Belinsky wrote: “People are used to thinking about St. Petersburg as a city built not even on a swamp, but almost in the air.”
The story of the removal of the capital of the Russian state almost outside the borders of the state itself seems very strange for that time. Even at the beginning of the 19th century, not to mention the 18th century, St. Petersburg was categorically isolated from Muscovy; there was not a single normal direct waterway (only the unsuccessful Vyshnevolotsk system, somehow working down to St. Petersburg). In those days, naturally, there were no airplanes or railways, no highways, only waterways along rivers, and short land sections - “portages” between river routes. And if there are no normal communication routes along which goods, troops, etc. can move, then there is no transport connectivity, without which there can be no statehood.
Couriers with decrees can get there, but without the economic and security components these decrees are worthless. The country is huge, and the capital is in the middle of nowhere, doesn’t this seem absurd to you? Until the 19th century, the main city controlling the transport hubs of the Moscow-Smolensk Upland, at that time was the “key city” of Smolensk, located in the upper reaches of the Dnieper, where the chain of portages began, connecting the river routes “from the Varangians to the Greeks” and “from the Varangians to the Persians” » at the intersection of trade routes from the Dnieper, Western Dvina, Volkhov, Volga and Oka river basins. And only in the 19th century large-scale construction of direct waterways from St. Petersburg to the Volga began: Mariinskaya, Tikhvinskaya and reconstruction of the Vyshnevolotskaya water systems.
In general, this is not a “Petrovsky” city, and its scale is not its size.
If you liked the beginning, then let's continue. I'm waiting for your comments.
Nowadays the younger generation reads much less, give them movies and TV shows. Write at least an SMS, read at least the same SMS, and at most a magazine. So far my students have only had enough of the pictures; the essence is unsteady and vague for them, and what difference does it make what was there, what is important is what is and what will be. But mine life experience suggests: without looking back, you will never know where to go, because you don’t know where you came from. The older generation firmly believes in what they were told, in what they were forced to learn by heart, socialism, communism, atheism. And that those who lead know exactly what path, course, direction to choose. Although many are already looking confused, not realizing that the course is not straight, but curved, and their life has passed like a non-stop run in a circle. My history teacher recently told me: “Don’t take away the crumbs that are left for us, the faith in what we were taught.” I’m tired of believing in the party, Lenin and Stalin, but you took aim at Peter I himself, at the splendor of Russian history. Don't trample mine the last fairy tale, otherwise people like me will trample you.
It's hard for them to understand me, I'm just trying to figure out: Why? For what? Who benefits?
A person’s consciousness is blinkered by the information that is instilled in him since childhood. But as soon as you point out to him the inconsistency of the imposed versions, he immediately declares: I knew this the day before yesterday. So, most of our history was created precisely in order to confuse, lead away from logical conclusions, distract from the perception of the whole picture, breaking this picture into puzzles and focusing attention on the most colorful, but not explaining anything, fragments. Understanding comes only to a few. I want the ranks of thinkers to number thousands, tens of thousands, millions. Perhaps strong words, but I try, I at least do something. (ZigZag).
And now I’m sitting and looking at the old map of St. Petersburg, and I’m amazed...
Plan of St. Petersburg by I. Homann. Paper, etching, chisel, watercolor. 50.5x59.5 cm. 1720s (before 1725)
And history says that St. Petersburg was founded on May 16, 1703 (the Emperor laid the first stone of the building on May 16, 1703, on the day of the Holy Trinity. Here is the legend about the founding of the city), and that all this was done in 10-15 years, during winters - 35-40, midges, dampness, lack of roads and factories, and I'm not even talking about construction equipment. Just take a look at Vasilyevsky Island, there is nothing yet, but there are markings and layout, but what about the scale? No one in Europe has ever thought about such a layout, but here?
Summer Garden in 1716, author Alexey Zubov. Is the speed of construction “not the same as the current tribe,” or is there a catch somewhere, maybe the historians are lying? Some of the buildings depicted in this engraving, according to official history, should appear much later, after the death of the author, but A. Zubov knows exactly what and where to draw. To the left and right you can see spiers in the distance, to the left is the Mikhailovsky Castle, to the right is the Savior on Spilled Blood, and so: on April 17, 1819, the foundation of the Mikhailovsky Palace was laid. This day became the founding day of one of the largest museums in the world - the State Russian Museum. The Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood was erected in 1883-1907, on the site where Tsar Liberator Alexander II was mortally wounded on March 1, 1881. But more on that below. The punctures of Zubov Montferan, Falconet, Schubert, Karamzin and the artistic gift of the well-known A.S. We will look at Pushkin in detail below.
A correction has arrived from violet3333 (a wonderful magazine, I tell you): In the article “Where does the city come from” I found an inaccuracy in the description of Zubov’s engraving - in fact, the Mikhailovsky Castle is in the center, on the left is the Church of the Saints and Righteous Simeon the God-Receiver and Anna the Prophetess, on the right I don’t know what but not Savior on Spilled Blood. But with all the amendments, Zubov still drew what was according to historical documents should appear much later.
It is hard to believe that the planning, layout and alignment of St. Petersburg buildings under Peter the Great was carried out without surveyors; the scope and accuracy, volumes and territory are amazing. Or maybe the city existed long before the current historical version of its appearance?
19th century One more observation in this regard is very interesting:
When all of Europe lived in cities, where sewage systems hardly appeared under the streets, the width of which barely allowed carts to pass each other, and buildings expanded from the center (map of Paris, late 17th century, at that time the only standard for city construction)
The same Amsterdam that taught Peter everything
(London (below), the year is indicated on the map.... The capital is like a capital, not a single straight line)
Moscow could not get rid of chaotic buildings.
And here is a map of Kyiv - the mother of Russian cities
The map is from 1717, and this is only a development project for St. Petersburg, ordered but not launched. But here is a map from 1720, as they say “in fact.” Here are more drawings, all original and kept in the museum. Just click on the link.
So to lay out Vasilyevsky Island without surveyors... well, no way, so who to believe? But the city in 1716, even before the general project, is this data from an engraving, or are they lying again?
Notes of a Boring Man - Plans of the capital cities of Europe and some noteworthy cities in Asia, Africa and America. 1771
So to lay out Vasilyevsky Island without surveyors... well, no way, so who to believe?
But the city in 1716, even before the general project, is this data from an engraving, or are they lying again?
Examples of falsification of history await us at every step. For example, a 19th century artist paints the history of St. Petersburg.
1756
1738
1705
The fictional story is ready, now all this is turned over and the countdown begins from the lowest date. It was said that it was so, so it WAS!
Here's another map, pay attention to the date 1698.This is the official history commissioned for textbooks, but these maps contradict other maps, such as Erik Nilsson Aspegreen's 1643 map.
In ancient Russian and Scandinavian written sources up to the Orekhovetsky Treaty of 1323, 42 settlements were noted in the Neva region, on the Baltic coast and in the Ladoga region. Of these, 32 Novgorod settlements (the size and social scale from the capital city to the monastery village), 6 cities “in Chudi”, 1 city in Latgall, 1 city in the land of the Livonians, 1 German city. According to the Orekhovetsky Treaty, the state border between the Novgorod Republic and Sweden moved to the river. Sister.
This area has always been quite densely populated, and the notes of a passing cartographer should not be neglected, just like this map from the early 17th century.
According to Swedish historians, in 1691 there was a catastrophic flood on the Neva. The water rose to Nien seven and a half meters above normal. This was the highest recorded water height during the entire existence of Nyen, a lot of coastal structures went under water and were subsequently abandoned.
Wonderful maps of the early 18th century were sent to me by a history buff under the pseudonym Father Sergiy.
Pay attention to how the card is signed.
This is the first map of St. Petersburg that I have come across with a TARTAR settlement.
And here is PETROPOLIS in 1703, interesting, right? We just got ready to build it, but it’s already built.
Petropolis of 1744, what scale, what speed of construction, how many microdistricts, canals and communications.
Mysteries of history. Controversial facts and speculation. Something has already been screwed on Earth. 300 million years ago... It seems that a wrench was used during the creation of the world. When there were not even dinosaurs on Earth, technology was already moving on it. Or at least something that used bolts, induction coils and strange metal balls. This is evidenced by the results of the analyzes sensational discovery , made by Russian researchers.... The stone was found almost by accident. In search of meteorite fragments, the expedition of the MAI-Cosmopoisk Center combed the fields in the south of the Kaluga region. And if for the persistence of Dmitry Kurkov, who decided to examine what seemed like an ordinary piece of stone, an event would not have occurred that could change our ideas about earthly and cosmic history. When The dirt was wiped off the stone, and on its chip one could clearly see... a bolt that had somehow gotten inside! About a centimeter long. How did he end up there? Fell off a tractor? Lost, and then trampled, crushed into the rock? But the bolt with a nut at the end (or - what this thing also looked like - a coil with a rod and two disks) sat tightly. This means that he got inside the stone back in the days when it was just sedimentary rock, bottom clay. Did you fall off a boat? Nonsense - who then needed to drag a stone raised from the bottom of a river or lake here, to an abandoned collective farm field next to the lost village of Znamya in the southwest of the Kaluga region!? Yes and - the main thing! - as geologists later authoritatively stated, this stone is no less than 300-320 million years old! That means?.. There was also an assumption: the bolt was driven into the stone by an explosion during the war. But explosives experts determined that there were no characteristic deformations on it. Moreover, the “bolt” had become... stone! And this most of all indicates that it has been lying in the ground for hundreds of millions of years. A thorough chemical analysis showed: over the past time, the iron atoms diffused, that is, they moved inside the stone to a depth of one and a half centimeters, and in their place were silicon atoms that came from the stone 51. As a result of this, an oval iron “cocoon” was formed, and is now clearly visible. For paleontologists and lithological geologists, this phenomenon is the most common: they know that everything that is inside a stone for millions of years, sooner or later becomes stone. But there is even more impressive evidence of the antiquity of the phenomenon: X-ray photographs clearly showed that there are others INSIDE the stone, now hidden from view, “bolts”! And the currently visible sample was also once inside, until the stone broke apart relatively recently on a geological time scale. Moreover, it seems that this “bolt” itself became the point of tension from which the fault began. A well-done hoax? But the stone successively visited the paleontological, zoological, physical-technical, aviation-technological institutes, the Paleontological and Biological museums, in laboratories and design bureaus, at the Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow State University, as well as with several dozen other specialists in various fields of knowledge. What did they manage to find out? Paleontologists have resolved all questions regarding the age of the stone: it is really ancient, it is 300-320 million years old. It has been established that the “bolt” got into the rock... BEFORE IT HARDENED! And, therefore, its age is in no way less, if not more, than the age of the stone. The “bolt” could not have hit the stone later (for example, as a result of an explosion, including a nuclear one), because the structure of the stone was not damaged by it. As a result, two camps formed among interpreters of the phenomenon. Representatives of the first are confident that they are dealing with a clearly man-made product, in which all the principles known and applied by our modern technologists are observed. In all the technical institutes there was not a single specialist who doubted that this was an artificial product that had somehow gotten inside the stone. However, at first, when it came to the question of such a product getting into the rock 300 million years ago, everyone had doubts . But they quickly disappeared after microscopic and x-ray studies. Moreover, in addition to the “bolt” and next to it, the skeptics themselves discovered several more man-made formations, including two strange microscopic balls with square holes... The second group argued that the “bolt” is nothing more than ancient fossil animal. Some even called the most similar analogue - crinoid - sea lily. But... a specialist in these very crinoids, after examination, said that he had never seen SO BIG and exactly this shaped crinoids. So, something more than 300 million years ago (long before dinosaurs appeared on Earth!) accidentally fell to the bottom of an ancient ocean and subsequently firmly sealed into petrified sedimentary rock. Who, after all, “littered” metal objects on Earth during the Devonian or Carboniferous period of the Paleozoic era? It is difficult to decide on hypotheses. But there are several main versions: 1) UFOLOGICALIf UFOs nowadays fly anywhere and anytime, then why didn’t they appear on Earth millions of years ago? There could be many civilizations in the Universe that could fly to the Earth and... litter here. 2) VERSION OF SPACE DEBRIS In order to “litter* the Earth with man-made debris, there was no need to fly to us at all. It was enough for other civilizations to simply go out into space, and then the stellar wind, the movement of inertia over millions of years, would spread the bolts and nuts from spent rocket parts throughout the galaxy. 3) THE ACTIVITY OF PROTOCIVILIZATIONS is the most popular explanation among esotericists, completely rejected by historians. But if a catastrophe happened to our civilization - and after hundreds of millions of years, through millions of earthquakes, faults and flooding of continents, mountain rises and influxes of seas from all our armadas of machines, it is also possible that only a pitiful handful of geological inclusions will remain... They will catch the eye of the future paleontologists do not understand fragments of incomprehensible mechanisms, but who can figure out whose they are? But this hypothesis is still, according to scientists, extremely unconvincing. If someone made bolts, then we would certainly have found the remains of steel mills. Behind the bolt is civilization, and civilization is infrastructure...4) ACTIVITY OF FUTURE CIVILIZATIONS - we change the “minus” to “plus” and we get exactly the same picture. Again, highly developed civilizations are operating in the past, but they don’t live there (that’s why there are no ancient huge cities and cosmodromes found by modern archaeologists), but fly there on their business in time machines. This, in particular, may explain the fact that the strange objects similar to our “bolt” are found in almost all time layers. In order to be convinced of this, it is enough to list the archival data. In 1844, in the Kingudsky quarry in Millfield (northern Britain), as reported by Sir David Brewster, a steel nail was found, about an inch (2.5 cm) embedded along with the head into hard sandstone. The point of the nail protruded outward into a layer of boulder clay, having been almost completely eaten away by rust. In 1851, gold miner Hiram Witt discovered a slightly rusty nail in a piece of gold-bearing quartz the size of a man's fist... In June of the same 1851 in Dorchester (USA), among fragments of stones broken off from a rock by an explosion, to the great amazement of those gathered, the following were discovered: “ 2 fragments of a metal object, torn in half by the explosion. When joined together, the parts formed a bell-shaped vessel 4.5 inches (114 mm) high, 6.5 inches (16.5 mm) wide at the base, and 2.5 inches (64 mm) at the top, with walls about 1/8 inch (3 mm) thick ). The metal of the vessel looked like zinc or an alloy with a significant addition of silver. On the surface there were six images of a flower or bouquet, covered with pure silver, and around the lower part of the vessel there was a vine or a wreath, also covered with silver. The carving and plating were superbly executed by an unknown craftsman. This strange vessel of mysterious origin was extracted from a layer of rock that was located at a depth of 15 feet (4.5 m) before the explosion...” In early December 1852, near Glasgow (Scotland, Great Britain) in a piece of coal mined shortly before, also “suddenly It turned out to be a strange-looking instrument.” In 1968, in Utah (USA), William Meister discovered two clear prints of human feet in shoes. Moreover, the left shoe stepped on a trilobite with its heel, the remains of which were petrified along with the imprint. Trilobites - arthropods similar to modern crustaceans, lived on our planet 400-500 million years ago... Ancient platinum jewelry was found in Ecuador. Remember that the melting point of platinum is about +1800°C, and then it will become clear to you - without the appropriate technology, Indian craftsmen simply could not create such jewelry. In Iraq, during excavations,... the oldest of all known galvanic elements, age which is about 4 thousand years old. Inside the ceramic vases are cylinders of copper sheets, and inside them are iron rods. The edges of the copper cylinder are connected by an alloy of lead and tin, which has only now become widely known to modern electricians and radio engineers under the name “tertiary.” The ancients used bitumen as an insulator. The electrolyte has now disappeared (dried up and eroded), but when a solution of copper sulfate was poured into such vessels, the found battery immediately gave current... By the way, the first samples of galvanic coatings were found there, in Iraq. How could the ancients know about the methods of producing and using electricity?.. The list of such finds is far from closed. What else was worth mentioning? A boot tread imprint in sandstone found in the Gobi Desert, estimated to be 10 million years old, was reported Soviet writer Alexander Petrovich Kazantsev. Or a similar imprint, but in blocks of limestone, in the state of Nevada (USA)... A high-voltage porcelain glass overgrown with petrified mollusks... In coal mines in Russia, the finds were no less strange: plastic columns, an iron meter-long cylinder with round interspersed with yellow metal... In a word, there are many inexplicable and unexplained finds. Where do they come from? Still no answer. So far, one thing is clear: the “Kaluga” stone contains strange formations, possibly created using unearthly technologies. But to remove this skeptical “maybe,” further scientific research is, of course, needed. And they need money. By the way, would any of the Internet readers of this material be ready to participate in financing further research? You don’t need that much - 9 thousand dollars... Because the soul is very excited by a strange feeling when you touch this incomprehensible “bolt” in the stone: perhaps, the hands of other intelligent beings touched it in the same way...
“We agonize over small, unnecessary problems, we waste our thoughts and feelings, from birth we look at our feet, only at our feet. Remember how from childhood we are taught: “Look at your feet... Be careful not to fall...” We die without understanding anything: who we are and why we are here. And yet somewhere deep within us lives one longing: there, up, home!” Monologue of Andrei Mironov from the film "Fantasy Faryatiev".
History is a strange word. But I’m not talking about the meaning of this word, it can now be easily found on the Internet, I’m talking about history as a science, which, like a corrupt girl, every time adapts to those in power. Whoever pays the most gets the brightest and most colorful option. A whole staff of so-called “paid historians” is working tirelessly on her image day and night. She takes her options “to the top” for adjustments, creates, sculpts and sculpts from all this a beautiful and majestic statue of the splendor of the state, which by nature remains the same corrupt girl, each time running away to a new owner. So Russian history rushes from century to century in search of the one thing to which it will be faithful forever. But the “only ones” come and go, centuries change, but you want to live well, you want to live in splendor and luxury, so you have to dissemble, dodge, openly lie here and there, and at times, as if not on purpose, but because of the need of the state, to shed blood among those who are especially knowledgeable, or particularly well-spoken.
Modern history it is written not by hermit monks, as in the Middle Ages, a page a day, proofread and double-checked a hundred times, but by modern gadgets. Thousands, millions, billions of characters per second, it’s easy to drown in such a volume of information, but someone who knows the direction will reach land. Modern technologies Zombifications are perverted in competition among themselves for:
- selling any crap for the maximum price;
- the suggestion that white is black;
- crowd management. With just one message in the media, on a fictitious topic, it’s easy to drive the masses out onto the streets, and then it’s enough for someone to shout “they’re beating our people!” Such points can be listed huge amount, from the “end of the world” to the rise in price of subway tokens, but I’m deviating from the topic.
While working on the article “Where does the city come from?”, I became confused in a large number of inconsistencies in what, in my opinion, is a very recent history. A period of time of 200-300 years is not the illiterate Middle Ages, when writing was rare and books were considered a miracle. This is the most significant part Russian history, the most promoted sovereign called me large number questions. Until recently, I believed a history textbook for high school; there was no reason to doubt it, but re-reading it in a secluded place, I caught myself thinking that I was reading a fairy tale, known to everyone of my generation by A.S. Pushkin. Sovereign Peter the First appears in it like a magician: he waved his left hand - a city grew, waved his right - the city was populated by the nobility and the mob, slammed it down, and canals were dug, immediately lined with granite. I’m silent about the buildings, I just haven’t figured out what he did with his hand when he needed hundreds of thousands of cubes of brick and granite (I’m missing out on marble, there was simply nowhere to get it). In the absence of roads, brick factories, granite quarries, and trucks, colossal construction was carried out. And he still managed to set up forts, here and there. Probably, V.I. Chapaev learned battle formation tactics from Pyotr Alekseevich. We take a potato and put it on it - it will be St. Isaac's Cathedral, but this smaller one will be the Hermitage. The one that woke up will be the fortresses in the bay. And lo and behold, the next morning everything was still standing. And around the city all the people lived in wooden huts, fortunately, the building wood was available for future use; such construction did not require any special skills or labor. For centuries they built from wood, an excellent, well and quickly processed material; at that time, only the Moscow and Novgorod Kremlin, a dozen or two cathedrals with monasteries, and a couple of fortresses in large cities, built under Ivan IV the Terrible and before him, were made of brick.
Reading through the lines of the official textbook, I came across even more interesting detail history. It was not Peter the Great who started this tale; they began to write it, tearing out the pages of an older and, in my opinion, more significant history. The seizure of power by the Romanovs and the total extermination of the Rurik heirs, their history, their deeds, their influence on Europe and Asia, required new pages, and such pages were written after the total destruction of the church chronicles of the Rurik times. Strange fires broke out in the archives of churches here and there, and what was saved was confiscated for safekeeping by the sovereign’s people. We are about ancient Rome And ancient Greece Now we know more than about the reign of the Ruriks. Even icons and frescoes of churches were removed and chipped off by order of the Romanovs. And if you start lying, don’t stop, because you will be caught in inconstancy. In the times of Peter the Great, due to the transfer of the capital to St. Petersburg, the Moscow Kremlin fell into disrepair. Weddings were held and performances were staged within the sacred walls of the Ruriks, a tavern was located on the territory of the Kremlin, and prisons were located in its basements. When the question arose about repairing the dilapidated Kremlin, Peter did not give money, he did not care about the old Russian shrines, he looked to Europe, which surprisingly did not kneel before him, as under Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible, but on the contrary taught and controlled everything . Surrounded by Peter were Swedes and Dutch, Germans and Austrians, even Turks. He did not like advice from his fellow tribesmen. The Moscow fire of 1737 destroyed not only part of the Kremlin, it destroyed the archive, located in the building of a large palace, with documents of the actions of the sovereign and the state. “Inventory files of past years,” maps, data on borders from 1571 to 1700, documents and decrees, thereby providing an unplowed field for work for “Romanov historians,” were much easier to compose on a blank sheet of paper than to refer to primary sources. The Romanovs turned the Kremlin into a big brothel. By the beginning of the 19th century, houses of debauchery and dens of thieves were located on its territory. Historical monuments of the Rurik era caused extreme irritation among the Romanovs. Cathedrals from the time of Rurik on the territory of the Kremlin were either demolished (Sretensky Cathedral, Armorial Tower) or rebuilt (Khlevenny, Kormovoy and Sytny palaces). The palace of Ivan the Terrible on Vorobyovy Gory was destroyed. In 1806, the palace of Boris Godunov was sold at auction. When there was no need for perestroika, barrels of gunpowder were used, as in the case of the Holy Trinity Ipatiev Monastery in Kostroma, the estate of the Godunovs, where about 60 people from the Godunov family were buried. Did someone really warn the Romanovs that over time a DNA examination would be found, and it would not be difficult to prove that Boris Godunov was from the Rurik family?
But the greatest irritation of the Romanov dynasty was caused by written sources, which contained information “about the hierarchy of the sovereign’s people, their kinship, merits and military deeds.” All appointments to government positions took place on the basis of “localism,” the very hierarchy prescribed in the “rank books.” On January 12, 1682, the Romanovs abolished “localism” in Rus', destroying all the old “rank books” that mentioned the low origins of the Romanovs themselves. Instead, new ones were ordered for people loyal and devoted to the dynasty. The “chamber of genealogical affairs” created for this purpose compiled only two books, the “velvet” one and the lost one. The first one to be checked turned out to be a falsification, where the genealogies of the families of many officials were written out of thin air. Until the end of the seventeenth century, a “graduate book” compiled in 1560-1563 was kept in Moscow. on the initiative of Ivan the Terrible's confessor Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow. The book contained history from the first Russian princes to the time of Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible, a grandiose chronicle of the Rurik dynasty. It was on its basis that frescoes were made in many Russian monasteries (Arkhangelsk Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin). The book stated that the Rurik dynasty descended from the Roman Emperor Augustus, but during the time of Alexei Mikhailovich, the book, kept in a written order under seven locks, mysteriously disappeared. In 1672, in an embassy order, the Romanovs compiled the “Great State Book” or “The Root of Russian Sovereigns,” the so-called “titular book.” It contained hand-drawn portraits of all the great princes from Rurik to Alexei Mikhailovich. The “Titular Book” was written arbitrarily, without relying on previous history, in the spirit of the greatness of the Romanov dynasty, according to their own order. At the same time, the Austrian diplomat Lavrenty Khurevich (the last name alone is worth it), a subject of the Austrian Emperor, Leopold the First, who visited Moscow in 1656, is new story of the Romanov dynasty, and sends it to the Tsar as instructions for the further transformation of history. And in 1673, the same Khurevich published an expanded history, “Genealogy of the Most Holy and Greatest Grand Dukes of Muscovy,” called a genealogy, where he scrupulously substantiates the royal blood in the veins of Alexei Mikhailovich on a par with other European monarchs, and in 1674 he sent it to Moscow. The order has been completed, the money has been transferred, a comfortable old age and family prosperity are ensured, for disclosing the secret - you know...
In Europe, the Romanovs were treated condescendingly, not considered equals, but they loved them in their own way, for their devotion European traditions and the lack of pressure that was always present in the Rurik dynasty. In most European chronicles of those years, the Romanovs were simply not mentioned as a royal dynasty. The only thing that could not be destroyed were geographical maps copied and distributed by travelers around the world. Ivan Kirillovich Kirilov was appointed by Peter I to be responsible for the creation of a geographical atlas of Russia, the entire work consisted of three volumes of 120 maps each, but the Imperial Academy banned Kirilov’s atlas, 360 of the most accurate maps were destroyed, even the printed boards were broken. Peter I was horrified by the size of the territories that remained from the Ruriks, and with which the Romanovs dealt so mediocrely. The Great Tartaria, with its scope, power and kings descended from the Roman emperors, no longer existed, which means it was not worth remembering either. And only after the death of Peter I, Kirilov published and prepared for printing 37 maps, 28 of which have survived. The last tsar of the Romanov dynasty, Nicholas II, had practically no Russian blood, but he became Russian in spirit, it was he who raised the state without listening to European advisers, for which he paid. Since then, new states, new rulers have appeared on the world map, which means that the new clock of yet another rewritten history has ticked.
