Project 61. Entered combat duty in 1969, based in Sevastopol (Republic of Crimea). Its tasks include patrolling the sea area, searching for and eliminating underwater vehicles, including nuclear submarines.
Prerequisites for creation
In the 50s, the US Navy received submarines that were unique for that time and capable of carrying long-range nuclear missiles. To detect and destroy them, ships of the 61st project were developed, which include the Smetlivy TFR.
Initially, the warships were intended for operations in the Barents and Norwegian Seas, where nuclear submarines of NATO countries were on duty. However, after the settlement of the Caribbean crisis, the United States withdrew its strategic bases from Turkey, in return sending City Killer class submarines with Polaris missiles on board to the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Their striking power was sufficient to destroy most of the large cities and industrial hubs of the European part of the USSR, including in the Urals. The command was forced to respond to the new threat by sending the latest Project 61 TFRs to the control of the Black Sea Fleet. Later, "Sharp-witted" was part of the fifth squadron of the USSR, patrolling in the Mediterranean.
Story
The patrol ship "Smart" with tail number 537 (first commander - L. A. Makarov, captain of the 3rd rank) raised the flag on July 15, 1969 and arrived in Sevastopol on October 5. He was enlisted in the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet on October 21, 1969, and on November 25, after testing and completing course tasks, he was commissioned into the ships of the 1st line of combat readiness.
In 1971, the ship was in the Mediterranean Sea for 60 days on combat duty. In April-May 1972, on the large anti-submarine ship Smetlivy, a remote control post (RCP) of Rear Admiral L. Ya. Vasyukov, who commanded the 30th division of surface ships, was deployed. As a result of a search carried out as part of the KPUG, a foreign submarine was discovered, contact with which was continuously maintained by ships and helicopters for 29 hours and 15 minutes. In mid-April 1972, the military-industrial complex, under the command of captain 1st rank V. Kapitanets, entered the port of Casablanca.
Service
On March 6-12, 1973, with a group of ships of the TFR "Smartivy", he visited the port of Latakia (Syria). From October 4 to November 26, 1973, he was in the combat zone in the Middle East, escorting Soviet and Bulgarian transports. Being part of KUG-5, together with the cruiser "Murmansk", the TFR monitored, in readiness for destruction in the event of hostilities, an aircraft carrier formation of the US Navy led by the aircraft carrier CVA 42 "Franklin D. Roosevelt".
From September 26 to October 1, 1973, the military-industrial complex, as part of a detachment of warships under the flag of Admiral V. S. Sysoev, made calls to the port of Split (Yugoslavia), from August 9 to 13, 1974 - to Varna (Bulgaria), and from June 26 to July 1 1980 - to Tunisia. On August 30, 1974, Smetlivy provided assistance to the emergency military-industrial complex Brave.
In 1981, the Smetlivy military-industrial complex (board number 745) participated in a demonstration exercise on the automated control of attached and naval aviation forces from the FKP on the Kiev aircraft carrier. Before being put into repair and modernization, the ship participated in ten major exercises and completed twelve combat duties, leaving over 320,000 miles behind the stern.
Under the Russian flag
After the division of the USSR, TFR “Smetlivy” No. 870 came under the jurisdiction of the Russian fleet. In 1998, he supported peacekeepers in Abkhazia, acting as a communications relay. The ship has repeatedly participated in major international exercises. In 2008, he was involved during the Ossetian conflict. Since the beginning of the operation to provide assistance to the Syrian Republic, it has been an important element of anti-submarine defense in protecting the naval group in the Mediterranean Sea.
Modernization
During the period of planned repairs carried out at Sevmorzavod in 1976-1977, the ship's missile weapons were modernized and the Karat-M cellar irrigation system was installed. On February 19, 1987, the patrol ship “Smetlivy” (side number 717) was delivered to the SMZ named after. Ordzhonikidze for modernization according to project 01090.
The work dragged on until 1995. As a result, guides were installed in place of the RBU-1000 series bomb launchers, allowing the installation of the Uran anti-ship complex with X-35 subsonic missiles. The helipad has been removed. Instead of the stern gun mount, which is ineffective in modern combat conditions, the MNK-300 “Kaira” system is installed, which facilitates the detection of submarines. An important component was the jamming complexes of the PK-16 and PK-10 series, as well as new radars. In 2010, gas turbine power unit No. 3 was replaced.
Design
The fully welded hull of the Smetlivy ship (Russia) is equipped with 14 bulkheads and, accordingly, 15 compartments. The vessel's survivability is quite high: even after three adjacent compartments are flooded, it will remain afloat and be capable of carrying out combat missions. For its characteristic sweeping silhouette and streamlined shape, the entire 61st series received the unofficial name “duck”.
The layout of the premises on the TFR is traditional for ships from the times of the USSR, with the exception of the ship control command post, power plant, officers' cabins, corridors and the crew's dining room provided for the first time by the project. Its special feature was the ability to accommodate up to two-thirds of conscript personnel for meals at the same time. At the same time, in accordance with the requirements of anti-nuclear protection, the cabins and cockpits did not have portholes, which, combined with the lack of air conditioning and poor ventilation of the premises, as well as the constant noise from operating gas turbines, worsened the habitability conditions even in comparison with ships of previous projects.
Technical Parameters
TFR "Smart" (Russia) has the following characteristics:
- Wake length - 132 m, maximum - 144 m.
- Wake width - 14 m, maximum - 15.8 m.
- Side height: 8.1 m (midship) - 13.2 m (at the stem).
- Displacement: 4315 t (full); 3890 t (normal); 3465 t (standard).
- Draft (depending on displacement): 4.47 m; 4.18 m; 3.88 m.
Engines
For the 61st series, a two-shaft power plant was adopted, consisting of two autonomous main turbo-gear units (GTZA) of the M-3 class, with a shaft power of 36,000 hp. With. GTZA are located in two compartments in autonomous echelons. Each echelon includes one all-mode GTZA M-3, a reversible single-speed mating gearbox, two gas turbine generators GTU-6 and one diesel generator. The gearbox allows you to reverse the propeller from full forward travel to full rear travel (and back). The development and production of gas turbine units was carried out by YuTZ "Zarya" in Nikolaev.
The total power of the power plants is 72,000 hp. With. Its advantages:
- less weight;
- efficiency;
- high maneuverability (possibility of quick start-up and power gain),
- high automation.
To maintain high efficiency of the installation, each turbine has its own gas duct (pipe), hence the presence of four pipes on the ship at once. Above the deck they are all located in pairs, V-shaped, across the ship in the plane of the frames, with an inclination towards the sides.
The use of gas turbine units on a ship, one of the features of which is a high noise level, required the implementation of a number of design measures to reduce the noise level. Thus, a noise absorption system was even specially developed and installed in the air intake shafts.
Repair
Structurally, it was possible to carry out unit repairs of gas turbine units and replace gas turbine engines in a short time. During the design, the dimensions of the gas outlet pipes were chosen both based on the reduction in the temperature of the exhaust gases in the casings, and the possibility of quickly replacing the assembled GTZA M-3 and GTU-6 through them, without dismantling adjacent equipment and opening ship structures. The aggregate replacement of individual elements of the gas turbine engine could be carried out just as easily, thereby greatly facilitating repairs even by personnel.
Control and navigation
Navigation instruments include:
- UKRP-MZ magnetic compass, Kurs-5 gyrocompass, 18 gyrocompass repeaters;
- course chart, auto-plotter “Path-1”;
- log MGL-50 with stem device, echo sounder NEL-5;
- radio direction finder ARP-50;
- signal indicator KI-55, receiving and indicating device KPI-ZM, phase receiving and indicator KPF-1.
Armament
Artillery weapons are represented by the AK-726 series installation. It has two twin barrels for 76 mm shells. The ammunition capacity is 1200 rounds, the rate of fire is 90-107 v/m. Initially, the Smetlivy TFR carried two guns, but later the aft installation was dismantled, replacing it with a non-acoustic complex for searching for submarines MNK-300. The development of the AU began in 1954 under the leadership of designer P. A. Tyurin. The AK-726 was adopted by the USSR Navy in 1964, becoming one of the most common ship artillery systems.
The missile armament of the Smetlivy missile system consists of Volna-N (2x2) and Uran (2x4) launchers. The first is an analogue of the S-125 ground-based air defense system, developed at the turn of the 50-60s. Subsequently, it was upgraded to the B-601M missile defense system. “Uran” is a more modern development: the installation allows you to fire powerful anti-ship missiles of the X-35U series. Flying at a minimum distance above the water (which makes it difficult to detect and destroy), the missile, with a successful hit, can significantly damage and even destroy ships with a displacement of up to 5,000 tons.
Anti-submarine weapons include RBU-6000 class rocket launchers. They allow the use of 90R anti-submarine missiles and RSL 60 depth charges to destroy submarines. Their ammunition capacity is 192 units.
The five-tube torpedo launcher of the PTA-5361 series is designed to use two types of 533-mm torpedoes:
- electric anti-submarine SET-65;
- steam-gas anti-ship 53-65K.
Aviation
Initially, there was a helipad at the stern of the Smetlivy (which was later dismantled). Shipborne helicopters of the Ka-52 series were an important part of the submarine detection and elimination system. Their main weapons were AT-1/1M class torpedoes with a homing mechanism with an explosive mass of 70 kg. They had the ability to search for the target again if contact with it was lost.
Also, helicopter pilots could drop depth charges of various types. The Ka-25 was also armed with the RYU-2-2 nuclear power plant. It was taken into the aft magazine of aviation ammunition. These aerial bombs were stored in special warehouses in the urban-type settlement of Shchebetovka near Feodosia and were delivered to the 12th berth in Sevastopol immediately before the BOD entered combat service.
Conclusion
Although the 61st series patrol ship dates back to the 60s and is considered obsolete, after a number of upgrades it is able to effectively fulfill its immediate task - to detect and, if possible, destroy potential enemy submarines. TFR "Smart" No. 870 is based in Sevastopol. He participated in a number of peacekeeping missions and today performs official duties in the Black and Mediterranean Seas.
The Smetlivy ship is the only operational vessel of the domestic fleet of all the developments of Project 61. For the Soviet Union, the “sixty-first” were considered truly revolutionary products among the existing BODs. A distinctive feature of these ships was a multi-mode gas turbine installation. In the navy, the “sixty-first” were dubbed singing frigates for the melodic whistling of gas turbines and the elegance of their silhouette. For the project, 61 were a kind of calling card.
Brief history
The TFR was built in Nikolaev and joined the flotilla on September 25, 1969. Since then, the ship “Sharp-witted” has taken part in numerous exercises, armed conflict, transported the relics of St. Andrew the First-Called and was involved in many other events. Despite its age, TFR still has something to snap back at. Eight launch containers of the Uran anti-ship missile system are installed on board the ship.
In 2015, on September 18, the TFR "Smetlivy", bearing the number "810" on board, after repairs at the thirteenth shipyard, was part of the 30th division of the Black Sea Fleet. The group entered the Mediterranean Sea for combat service from Sevastopol.
With the start of the Russian Aerospace Forces’ operation in Syria as part of a flotilla led by the cruiser Moskva and the patrol ships Pytlivy and Ladny, the anti-submarine ship Smetlivy participated in exercises off the Syrian coast, which grew into patrols between Syria and Cyprus. The group provided air defense for Latakia and Tartus from the coastal direction. There was also a convoy of Syrian Express ships.
Relics of St. Andrew the First-Called
The patrol ship "Smetlivy" took part in the international event. And he entered the Greek ports of Lafkada and Corfu. During the call to the port of Patras on September 22, the Metropolitan of Patras handed over the ark with the relics of St. Andrew the First-Called as a gift to the Black Sea Fleet. By order of the Foundation, an ark was made to preserve the sacred relic, which is located in the Sevastopol Church of the Archangel Michael. This was facilitated by the Fleet Commander, Admiral Alexander Vitko. After the events, the ship continued to perform tasks in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the Russian Navy formation.
Modern weapons
Russian ships of Project 1155 were equipped with modern weapons. Deep modernization was not advisable, but further improvements are still being gradually carried out. The main direction of modernization is equipping with modern weapons. The updated ships can serve for more than ten years after repair.
Today, the Navy includes eight large ships of Project 1155 and one built according to the improved program 1155.1. Apart from the latter, ships of this type are equipped with anti-submarine systems and air defense systems without cruise missiles that hit coastal and surface targets.
Russian-Turkish relations
On the morning of December 13, further events occurred that contributed to the formation of today's Russian-Turkish relations. The Black Sea Fleet ship Smetlivy, anchored off the coast of the island of Lemnos at a distance of twelve, was forced to fire a warning shot in the direction of movement of the Turkish seiner Balik Geciciler Chilik in order to avoid a collision. This event increased the tension in interstate relations that arose on November 24, 2015 after the attack of our Su-24 bomber in Syria.
Theoretically, the TFR had the opportunity to start the gas turbine unit within ten minutes and move forward. But, according to the Ministry of Defense, the anchor was at the bottom at that time. If at the same time the ship was in combat readiness, then it could only be unanchored within 15-20 minutes. Our TFR clearly did not have the ability to set sail or weigh anchor to prevent a collision from occurring. Seiner, at his usual speed, would have reached the anti-submarine ship in just three minutes.
Warning Shot
Having no way to move away from the course of the Turkish ship on their own, the commanders of the Smetlivy ship made an attempt to attract attention. Messages were sent by radio, visual warning by light semaphore, and Seiner did not respond, despite the efforts of the TFR crew.
It was impossible to avoid a collision. Seiner did not deviate from his course. In this situation, the ship's commanders ordered a warning shot. In accordance with the order, shots from a Kalashnikov assault rifle and a machine gun were fired several times in the direction of movement of the seiner from six hundred meters.
The Turkish ship abruptly changed direction and then simply left the scene. "Sharp-witted" immediately reported aboard the flagship "Moscow". The cruiser relayed the message to the capital of the Russian Federation.
Possible reasons
After familiarizing yourself with all the available information, it would be advisable to inquire about the reasons that prompted the seiner to take such risky actions. Since the motivation of the Turkish fishermen remains unknown, one can only speculate. It remains simply to list some possible reasons. One of them may be a simple lack of professionalism of the crew members of a fishing vessel.
Perhaps the reason lies in the Turkish side’s desire to push the Smetlivy patrol ship against a seiner. This incident could be used as a reason to close the straits to the movement of our ships. Also, the possibility of connecting this event with the conduct of their operations by the Turkish intelligence services cannot be ruled out. The fact is that the fishing seiner was quite often spotted near NATO military piers in the Mediterranean.
Testimony from sailors indicates that there was a lot of electronic equipment on board the Turkish boat. This is not normal for It is also possible that a third party had a hand in increasing tensions between Russia and Turkey. It will be possible to shed light on the real reasons for this event only after an appropriate investigation.
Not for the first time
Russian ships have repeatedly become participants in conflict situations with Turkish ships. So, in 1985, on September 25, the P325 under the Turkish flag began to impede the maneuvering of the Soviet 1st rank training ship "Hasan" during passage through the Training ship, eventually ramming the boat and cutting it into two parts. The nose of the P325 capsized and 5 crew members were killed. Local authorities detained the ship "Hasan" until the circumstances were clarified; the guilt of the command of the Turkish boat was proven very quickly.
Once, on the way back, our submarine was almost rammed by a tugboat that managed to jump into the fairway of military ships at the wrong time. The reason for this for the captain was the need to go to the latrine, and his assistant at that moment just needed to go get cigarettes. The trainee remained at the helm. They showed him the course, but did not tell him how long he needed to follow it. The trainee walked exactly in the indicated direction until he almost rammed the side of the submarine.
It's been worse
If we consider the history of the Black Sea Fleet, the incident at Lemnos cannot be called something extraordinary. More serious events occurred than those in which the patrol ship Smetlivy participated. The condition of the crew members and the moral and psychological situation on board after the incident are, of course, in perfect order.
The incident is by no means unique. At the same time, it is not excluded that the Smetlivy ship could be lost as a result of another attempt by Turkey to “respond” to Russia for obstructing oil supplies from the territory of Syria, captured by ISIS terrorists. This incident will only worsen our relationship. It is difficult to understand the reasons for this behavior of the Turkish side. Perhaps further developments will shed light on many questions.
Conclusion
The anti-submarine ship "Smetlivy" is the latest operational development of the Soviet Project 61. The designers did everything possible to prepare the SKR for service in modern conditions. For this purpose, new weapons are installed on board. Gradually, further partial modernization of the patrol ship with tail number 810 is being carried out. The designers do not see the need to completely replace parts. Many outdated components function normally. The ship is equipped with modern radio equipment and performs well, even in comparison with some new frigate models.
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The patrol ship Smetlivy was originally built at the 61st Communard Shipyard, Nikolaev, Ukraine, as a large anti-submarine ship of Project 61M (serial number 1710). The laying took place on July 15, 1966. On August 26, 1967 it was launched. On September 25, 1969 it entered service. On October 21, 1969, it was introduced into the Black Sea Fleet.
Main characteristics: Displacement 4460 tons. Length 144 meters, beam 15.8 meters, draft 4.57 meters. Full speed 39 knots. Cruising range 4000 miles at 20 knots. Sailing autonomy is 10 days (based on provisions). Crew 266 people, including 22 officers.
Powerplant: 72,000 hp (2x36000 hp), gas turbine, 2 propellers.
Armament before modernization:
2x2 76-mm AK-726 gun mounts, 2x2 Volna air defense systems (16 missiles), 1x5 533-mm torpedo tube (5 torpedoes), 4 RBU-1000 rocket launchers.
Armament after modernization:
2x4 Kh-35 Uran anti-ship missile launchers, 1x2 76-mm AK-726 gun mount, 2x2 Volna air defense missile systems (16 missiles), 1x5 533-mm torpedo tube (5 torpedoes), 2 RBU-1000 rocket launchers.
In the 1970s he visited Syria, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and in 1980 – Tunisia.
From 1990 to 1995 it was undergoing modernization, as a result of which it was modernized according to the new project 01090.
The main feature of this modernization was the use of a new marine non-acoustic complex MNK-300, the antenna of which is a 300-meter cable towed behind the stern, receiving a complex of various radiation and responding to the thermal, radiation and noise footprint of the enemy submarine.
Also, in place of two RBU-1000s, 8 guides for Uran anti-ship missile containers were installed, the aft artillery turret was dismantled, and a room for the MNK-300 was built at the aft end. The PK-10 and PK-16 jamming systems, as well as several additional radars and control systems for anti-ship missiles, were placed near the wheelhouse.
At the moment, Smetlivy, tail number 810, has been reclassified into the TFR and is used in all combat services of the Black Sea Fleet.
In 2003, as part of a group of ships of the Black Sea Fleet, he participated in ocean-going naval exercises in the Indian Ocean together with the Pacific Fleet and the Indian Navy.
In 2006, the ship underwent scheduled repairs in Novorossiysk at a shipyard.
In 2009, the ship celebrated its fortieth anniversary.
From October 30 to November 19, 2011, the ship took part in the Russian-Italian naval exercises Ioniex-2011 in the Mediterranean Sea.
From April 1 to May 31, 2012, he carried out combat service in the Mediterranean Sea with a call at the port of Tartus (Syria).
In October 2012, he performed combat service in the Mediterranean Sea.
From November 8 to November 10, 2012, he took part in the Russian-Italian naval exercises “Ioniex-2012” in the Mediterranean Sea.
On September 12, 2013, it left Sevastopol to carry out tasks in the Mediterranean Sea. From November 5 to November 9, 2013, he took part in the Russian-Italian naval exercises “Ioniex-2013” in the Mediterranean Sea. After this, it will continue to perform tasks as part of the Russian Navy grouping in the Mediterranean Sea.
On February 8, 2014, the TFR returned to Sevastopol after a long trip, in which it spent five months.
September 14, 2015 for the delivery of elements of the K-2 task. September 18 and headed for the Mediterranean Sea. On September 22, in the Greek port of Patras, where the ceremony of transferring a particle of the relics of St. Apostle Andrew the First-Called took place. October 05 as part of ship strike groups against sea and air targets from anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems. On December 13, the crew of the ship, 22 km from the Greek island of Lemnos in the northern Aegean Sea, collided with a Turkish seiner. On December 27, he returned to the Black Sea. On December 28, under the command of Captain 2nd Rank Andrei Zaitsev, to Sevastopol after completing tasks in the Mediterranean Sea.
On March 06, 2016, the ship under the command of Captain 2nd Rank Andrei Zaitsev from Sevastopol headed for the Black Sea straits, which on March 07. According to a report dated October 25, in accordance with the combat training plan, anti-aircraft missiles were fired at a simulator of an air target at a naval training ground in the Black Sea. On October 28, from Sevastopol to the Mediterranean Sea, heading for the Greek port of Piraeus, where he will take part in the events of the Year of Russia in Greece, which will take place from October 31 to November 1 in Athens and Piraeus. October 2, after the completion of the business call, the Greek port of Piraeus. In accordance with the voyage plan, the ship’s crew will continue to perform tasks as part of the permanent grouping of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea. March 06, 2017 to Sevastopol, having completed tasks in the Mediterranean Sea. According to a report dated May 20, a planned single-person exercise to repel an attack by enemy air attack weapons was held at the combat training ground. According to a message dated May 22, the tasks of the planned transition from Sevastopol to the Mediterranean Sea were completed. According to a message from May 23, in the Mediterranean Sea, they were practicing a convoy operation. According to a report dated May 27, the Volna complex fired missiles at an air target. Later, Smetlivy, together with the frigates, hit a naval target with naval artillery fire. The ships also practiced attacking a mock submarine, firing rocket-propelled depth charges. June 03, having completed the tasks in the Mediterranean Sea, to the Main Base of the Black Sea Fleet - Sevastopol.
According to a report dated February 26, 2018, artillery firing at sea ranges in the Black Sea. According to a message dated April 21, it is making a scheduled flight from Sevastopol to the Mediterranean Sea. According to a message dated August 22, he carried out tasks as part of a permanent group of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea and headed for Sevastopol.
We have the most beautiful warships. That's why I love them, that's why I photograph them. There are many of them, different - different classes and projects. But the most beautiful, graceful, elegant ship design for me is the patrol ships of Project 61, “singing frigates”. At one time, exactly 20 of them were built, and they were everywhere - in the Baltic, in the north, at the Pacific Fleet, and of course in Sevastopol. As of now, only one remains in service - the Smetlivy TFR of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. The last of the "singing frigates". Already history. Therefore, when it became known that as part of their trip to the Mediterranean, the ship would visit, among other things. and to Malta (which is a colorful and beautiful place in itself), there were no special thoughts on the topic “to go or not to go.”
I won’t describe all the adventures associated with the trip (they would have been more than enough for three times), and most of them are not related to the “subject of filming.” The most important thing is that fifteen minutes before the ship entered Valletta harbor, I was standing in the right place.
2. So, November 1, 2013, around 07-15 am local time. Act one, Sharp appears at the entrance to Grand Harbor. 
3. Some local fishing (?) boat passes by. 
4. Tugs are positioned on the starboard side of the ship. That’s good - at least they won’t block the ship during filming. 
5. Sharp-witted goes deep into the bay. In the background is a memorial bell in memory of the victims of the defense of Malta 1940-1943, 
6. ... and other views of Valletta. 
7.
8. Energetic turn, 
9. and the ship is moored to the quay wall of the passenger port. 
10. Literally half an hour later a hefty cruise ship moored nearby, here they are together in one frame :) 
11. The next morning, dawn views of Vallettuu with the “Sharp-witted”... 
12. and the larger ship itself. 
13. And here’s another angle. 
14. And early in the morning of November 3, having replenished supplies, the ship left Malta. The liner in the background is not on its way out, but has just entered, turned around and is waiting for its berth to be cleared. 
15. Views of the opposite shore of the Grand Harbor - the Sengi Peninsula. 
16. and Birgu (on the right is Fort Saint Angelo) 
17. On the bridge everyone is busy with their own business:) 
18. Mooring crew. 
19. Very lucky with the sky. 15 minutes earlier would not be the same, 15 minutes later would be the same. 
20. Covering the entrance to the bay, Fort Ricasoli 
21. And already the exit from the bay. 
22. The tugs are turning the ship to the exit. 
23.
25. Last frame. The tugboats and pilot boat return to their berths, and Smetlivy goes on to solve the assigned tasks. 
Project 01090 ships were created to provide anti-aircraft defense and air defense to fleet formations in far and near sea zones, patrol in specified areas of the seas and oceans, and support convoy and landing operations of fleet forces. Project 61 ships became a milestone for the Russian Navy due to the use of an all-mode gas turbine installation, guided missile weapons and the saturation of the ships with radio-electronic equipment. When modernization was carried out, their combat capabilities increased significantly and they became universal ships. For three decades they were the “face” of the ocean-going nuclear missile Navy of the USSR. Smetlivy is the last operational ship of this project in the Russian Navy. It is the oldest warship in the Russian Navy.
In the fleet since 1969
Project 1135 ships are designed to search for and destroy enemy submarine forces in far and near sea zones, provide anti-aircraft defense to fleet formations, cover convoy and landing operations of fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas of the seas and oceans. This project became the main type of patrol ship of the USSR Navy. The ships of the project are distinguished by excellent seaworthiness. "Ladny" is the last operational ship of this project.
In the fleet since 1980
Project 1135M ships are a further development of Project 1135. They received more powerful weapons and a new sonar. TFRs are designed to search and destroy enemy submarine forces in the far sea and ocean zones, provide anti-aircraft defense for fleet formations, cover convoy and landing operations of naval forces, and patrol in specified areas of the seas and oceans. The ships of the project are distinguished by excellent seaworthiness. "Inquisitive" is the last operational ship of this project.
In the fleet since 1981
Project 877B submarines are designed to destroy enemy forces in far and near sea zones, operate on communications, and conduct mine laying. They are the most advanced non-nuclear submarines of the domestic fleet due to solving the issues of power supply, ensuring secrecy in all operating modes of the power plant, increasing the efficiency of weapons and electronic equipment. Instead of a propeller, ALROSA is equipped with a water-jet propulsion unit, which makes it the quietest among all submarines of the project. NATO calls them “black holes” because of the low noise and low level of the acoustic field of submarines.
In the fleet since 1990
Project 641B submarines are a further development of Project 641. They are distinguished by improved seaworthiness, more advanced batteries, and new electronic equipment. Project 641B submarines are designed to destroy enemy forces in far and near sea zones, operate on communications, conduct mine laying and patrol in specified areas. B-380 is the last operational submarine of this project.
In the fleet since 1983
NB: Some sources indicate that the boat was named “St. Prince George”. Since 2004, it has been under repair in Sevastopol, but currently all work on it has been suspended.
Landing ships of Project 1171 are designed to conduct landing operations on an unequipped coast, transporting troops with equipment, weapons and various cargoes. BDKs can load and unload equipment both from the shore and from the water. They are used as weapons transports in far and near sea zones.
"Nikolai Filchenkov"(1975, tail number 152),
BDK-65 "Saratov"(1966, tail number 150),
BDK-69 "Orsk"(1968, tail number 148).
Landing ships of Project 775-II are a further development of Project 775. The ships of this project are designed to conduct landing operations on an unequipped coast, transporting troops with equipment, weapons and various cargoes. BDKs can load and unload equipment both from the shore and from the water. Used as transport in far and near sea zones. Can be used to lay minefields.
As part of the Black Sea Fleet:
"Caesar Kunikov"(1986, tail number 158),
"Novocherkassk"(1987, tail number 142),
"Yamal"(1988, tail number 156).
Landing ships of Project 775-III are a further development of Project 775. It received new weapons and electronic equipment. The ships of this project are designed to conduct landing operations on an unequipped coast, transporting troops with equipment, weapons and various cargoes. BDKs can load and unload equipment both from the shore and from the water. Used as transport in far and near sea zones. Can be used to lay minefields.
In the fleet since 1990
Project 1239 rocket ships are unique in their design - they are catamarans made of aluminum-magnesium alloy with aerostatic air unloading (air cavity). As a power plant, they received a diesel-gas turbine unit in the form of two separate propulsion units with six propellers, which allows for a wide range of speeds and propulsion modes. Missile ships have powerful strike and defensive weapons and advanced electronic equipment. Their task is to destroy large surface ships and enemy fleet formations in the near sea zone. They have no analogues in any fleet in the world.
As part of the Black Sea Fleet:
"Bora"(1991, tail number 615),
"Simoom"(2000, tail number 616).
