The existing classification involves the following types of wind instruments: copper and wood. The main difference between them is the features of sound production.

Wind instruments, classification

Woodwinds musical instruments differ in that their sound depends on the vibrations of the air that enters the hollow pipe along with the reed. The height of the sound is adjusted by opening and closing small holes. The most popular types woodwind instruments:

• flute;
• clarinet;
• oboe;
• bassoon;
• saxophone.

Sound in brass wind instruments is supplied to the player directly through the mouthpiece, and control occurs using a system of special valves. Wind instruments, the types of which not everyone knows, have an extraordinary sound.

The following brass instruments are known:

• French horn;
• cornet;
• trombone;
• pipe;
• tuba

The appearance of wind instruments has changed from its inception to the present day. That is why there is a division into wooden and copper groups. Modern flutes, as well as saxophones, are often made of metal, and some parts of oboes and clarinets are made of plastic.

What is the purpose of wind instruments?

Each group of tools has its own purpose. In an orchestra they usually act as accompanists. Thanks to the brass instruments musical parts string instruments, as well as the entire orchestra as a whole, are supported, strengthened, and diluted.

In other matters, you can also hear the solo sound of such instruments as flute, oboe and clarinet during the performance of classical compositions.

The best jazz soloists are the saxophone and trumpet.

Brass instruments in the orchestra occupy a back position along with the drums, this is important so that their sound does not interrupt all other instruments. At the same time, the woodwinds are placed directly behind the strings.

Popular wind instruments

Naturally, the flute is considered the most popular and famous wind instrument. The name itself speaks of a melodic sound, because in translation a flute is a breath.

Some historians are confident that this instrument originated from the most common whistle and has existed for several millennia.

On the territory Ancient Egypt the flute had almost the same appearance How modern instrument. It was made of wood and richly decorated, and also had a beveled edge. At the same time, such types of wind instruments as the block flute and transverse flute appeared.

There are many types of flutes - the ocarina (an instrument made of clay), the pan flute (an instrument with several pipes), the flute, and the duduk (an instrument Armenian origin, having two reeds), and a whistle (a longitudinal instrument of Celtic origin).

Thanks to the sound of various wind instruments, any piece of music become more soulful and convey the most subtle mood swings. For example, trumpets with their roar deafen and even frighten, and the gentle sound of a flute penetrates into the depths of the soul.

Video: Types of brass instruments

In Scotland, where the world-famous bagpipes sound, the music has its own characteristics, however, like all national symbols. These symbols listed below are very real things. But the imaginative Scots

Often people associate bagpipes with Scotland. However, this territory is far from being the place of birth. Thus, the instrument became known in ancient times, and society enjoys its sound more than ever.

Listening to the enchanting sounds of bagpipes, you involuntarily imagine Scotland. It should be noted that this instrument was quite popular in Europe. People's and ethnic music Nowadays it’s just at the peak of popularity, so bagpipes

American pop singer Christina Aguilera began to rapidly lose weight. The 32-year-old singer got ready to marry her husband young man Matthew Rutler. More recently, Christina simply shocked the public with her overly rounded forms, but in four months

In the course of a study by an American scientist, it was found that with the help of music you can concentrate and read textbooks. Based on the data received, it became clear how important it is to visit music lessons. For some reason, when limited

During lessons in music school studying tools symphony orchestra . We started with a brass group. At home I wanted to reinforce the names of instruments and their voices with my son. Collected in one place photo of wind instruments And music performed by them. You can listen to the instruments online. I hope it will be useful to someone, and it will take much less time than ours.

Wind musical instruments are divided into wooden And copper. Initially, this classification was due to the material from which they were made. Now this division is very arbitrary, for example, the flute and saxophone are made of metal, although they belong to woodwind instruments.

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Woodwinds: Listen to the sounds of instruments

1. Flute| Listen online

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Brass instruments: listen to the sounds of instruments

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Tools brass band. Wind instruments

The core of the brass band consists of wide-bore brass instruments with a conical bore: cornets, flugelhorns, euphoniums, altos, tenors, baritones, tubas. Another group consists of copper narrow-bore instruments with a cylindrical bore: trumpets, trombones, horns. The group of woodwind instruments includes labial - flutes and lingual (reed) - clarinets, saxophones, oboes, bassoons. The group of main percussion instruments includes timpani, bass drum, cymbals, snare drum, triangle, tambourine, tam-tam. Jazz and Latin American drums are also used: rhythm cymbals, congos and bongos, tom-toms, claves, tartarugas, agogos, maracas, castanets, pandeiras, etc.

Orchestra

A brass band is an orchestra that includes wind (wooden and brass or only brass) and percussion musical instruments, one of the mass performing groups. As a stable performing association, it was formed in a number of European countries in the 17th century. Appeared in Russia at the end of the 17th - beginning of the 18th centuries. (military brass bands attached to the regiments of the Russian army).

Instrumental composition D. o. gradually improved. The modern brass band has 3 main varieties, which are mixed-type orchestras: small (20), medium (30) and large (42-56 or more performers). The composition of the large D. o. includes: flutes, oboes (including alto), clarinets (including snare, alto and bass clarinet), saxophones (sopranos, altos, tenors, baritones), bassoons (including contrabassoon), horns, trumpets, trombones, cornets, altos, tenors , baritones, basses (brass tubas and bowed double bass) and percussion instruments with a certain and without a certain pitch. When performing concert works as part of the D. o. the harp, celesta, piano and other instruments are occasionally introduced.

Modern D. o. conduct diverse concert and popularization activities. Their repertoire includes almost all outstanding works of domestic and world musical classics. Among Soviet conductors D. o. - S. A. Chernetsky, V. M. Blazhevich, F. I. Nikolaevsky, V. I. Agapkin.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Structure of a brass band

Main groups, their role and capabilities

The basis of the brass band is a group of instruments that exist under the general name “saxhorns”. They are named after A. Sachs, who invented them in the 40s of the 19th century. Saxhorns were an improved type of instruments called bugles (bugelhorns). Currently, in the USSR this group is usually called the main copper group. It includes: a) high tessitura instruments - sopranino saxophone, soprano saxophone (cornets); b) instruments of the middle register - altos, tenors, baritones; c) low register instruments - saxhorn-bass and saxhorn-double bass.

The other two groups of the orchestra are woodwinds and percussion. The group of saxhorns actually forms the small brass band. With the addition of woodwinds to this group, as well as horns, trumpets, trombones and percussion, small mixed and large mixed compositions are formed.

In general, a group of saxhorns with a conical tube and a wide scale characteristic of these instruments have a fairly large, strong sound and rich technical capabilities. This especially applies to cornets, instruments of great technical flexibility and bright, expressive sound. They are primarily entrusted with the main melodic material of the work.

Middle register instruments - altos, tenors, baritones - perform two important tasks in a brass band. Firstly, they fill the harmonic “middle”, that is, they perform the main voices of harmony, in a wide variety of types of presentation (in the form of sustained sounds, figuration, repeated notes, etc.). Secondly, they interact with other groups of the orchestra, primarily with the cornet (one of the usual combinations is the performance of the theme by cornets and tenors in an octave), as well as with the basses, which are often “helped” by the baritone.

Directly adjacent to this group are brass instruments typical of a symphony orchestra - horns, trumpets, trombones (according to the terminology of a brass band adopted in the USSR - the so-called “characteristic brass”).

An important addition to the main brass band is the woodwind section. These are flutes, clarinets with their main varieties, and in a large composition there are also oboes, bassoons, and saxophones. The introduction of wooden instruments (flutes, clarinets) into the orchestra makes it possible to significantly expand its range: for example, the melody (as well as harmony) performed by cornets, trumpets and tenors can be doubled one or two octaves upward. In addition, the importance of woodwinds lies in the fact that they, as M. I. Glinka wrote, “serve primarily for the color of the orchestra,” that is, they contribute to the colorfulness and brightness of its sound (Glinka, however, meant a symphony orchestra, but clearly , that this definition of his is also applicable to the wind orchestra).

Finally, it is necessary to emphasize the particularly important importance of the percussion group in a brass band. Given the very unique specificity of the brass band and, above all, the high density, massive sound, as well as frequent cases of playing in the open air, on a hike, with a significant predominance of marching and dance music in the repertoire, the organizing role of the drum rhythm is especially important. Therefore, a brass band, in comparison with a symphony band, is characterized by a somewhat forced, emphasized sound of the percussion group (when we hear the sounds of a brass band coming from afar, we first of all perceive the rhythmic beats of the bass drum, and then we begin to hear all the other voices).

Small mixed brass band

The decisive difference between a small brass orchestra and a small mixed orchestra is the pitch factor: thanks to the participation of flutes and clarinets with their varieties, the orchestra gains access to the “zone” of the high register. Consequently, the overall volume of sound changes, which has a very great value, since the fullness of the orchestra’s sound depends not so much on absolute strength, but on register breadth and spaciousness of arrangement. In addition, there are opportunities to compare the sound of a brass orchestra with a contrasting wooden group. Hence a certain reduction in the boundaries of the “activity” of the brass group itself, which to a certain extent loses the universality that is natural in a small brass orchestra.

Thanks to the presence of a wooden group, as well as the characteristic brass (horn, trumpet), it becomes possible to introduce new timbres that arise from mixing colors both in the wooden and copper groups, and in the wooden group itself.

Thanks to the great technical capabilities, the wooden “brass” is relieved of technical force, the overall sound of the orchestra becomes lighter, and the “viscosity” typical of brass instrument technology is not felt.

All this taken together makes it possible to expand the boundaries of the repertoire: a small mixed orchestra has access to more wide circle works of various genres.

Thus, a small mixed brass band is a more advanced performing group, and this, in turn, imposes broader responsibilities both on the orchestra members themselves (technique, ensemble coherence) and on the leader (conducting technique, selection of repertoire).

Large mixed brass band

The highest form of brass band is a large mixed brass band, which can perform works of considerable complexity.

This composition is characterized primarily by the introduction of trombones, three or four (to contrast the trombones with the “soft” group of saxhorns), three parts of trumpets, four parts of horns. In addition, a large orchestra has significantly more full group woodwinds, which consists of three flutes (two large and piccolo), two oboes (with the second oboe replaced by an English horn or with its independent part), a large group of clarinets with their varieties, two bassoons (sometimes with a contrabassoon) and saxophones.

IN big orchestra Helicons, as a rule, are replaced by tubas (their structure, principles of play, and fingering are the same as for helicons).

The percussion group is added by timpani, usually three: large, medium and small.

It is clear that a large orchestra, compared to a small one, has significantly greater colorful and dynamic capabilities. It is typical for him to use more diverse playing techniques - the widespread use of the technical capabilities of wooden instruments, the use of “closed” sounds (mute) in a brass group, a wide variety of timbre and harmonic combinations of instruments.

In a large orchestra, it is especially advisable to contrast trumpets and cornets, as well as the widespread use of divisi techniques for clarinets and cornets, and the division of each group can be increased to 4-5 voices.

Naturally, a large mixed orchestra significantly exceeds small orchestras in terms of the number of musicians (if a small brass orchestra has 10-12 people, a small mixed orchestra has 25-30 people, then a large mixed orchestra has 40-50 musicians or more).

Brass band. Brief essay. I. Gubarev. M.: Soviet composer, 1963

Musical instruments are designed to produce various sounds. If the musician plays well, then these sounds can be called music, but if not, then cacaphony. There are so many tools that learning them is like an exciting game worse than Nancy Drew! In modern musical practice, instruments are divided into various classes and families according to the source of sound, material of manufacture, method of sound production and other characteristics.

Wind musical instruments (aerophones): a group of musical instruments whose sound source is vibrations of the air column in the barrel (tube). They are classified according to many criteria (material, design, methods of sound production, etc.). In a symphony orchestra, a group of wind musical instruments is divided into wooden (flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon) and brass (trumpet, horn, trombone, tuba).

1. Flute is a woodwind musical instrument. The modern type of transverse flute (with valves) was invented by the German master T. Boehm in 1832 and has varieties: small (or piccolo flute), alto and bass flute.

2. Oboe is a woodwind reed musical instrument. Known since the 17th century. Varieties: small oboe, oboe d'amour, English horn, heckelphone.

3. Clarinet is a woodwind reed musical instrument. Constructed in the early 18th century IN modern practice Soprano clarinets, piccolo clarinet (Italian piccolo), alto (so-called basset horn), and bass clarinets are used.

4. Bassoon - a woodwind musical instrument (mainly orchestral). Arose in the 1st half. 16th century The bass variety is the contrabassoon.

5. Trumpet - a wind-copper mouthpiece musical instrument, known since ancient times. The modern type of valve pipe developed to the gray. 19th century

6. Horn - a wind musical instrument. Appeared at the end of the 17th century as a result of the improvement of the hunting horn. The modern type of horn with valves was created in the first quarter of the 19th century.

7. Trombone - a brass musical instrument (mainly orchestral), in which the pitch of the sound is regulated by a special device - a slide (the so-called sliding trombone or zugtrombone). There are also valve trombones.

8. Tuba is the lowest sounding brass musical instrument. Designed in 1835 in Germany.

Metallophones are a type of musical instrument, the main element of which is plate-keys that are struck with a hammer.

1. Self-sounding musical instruments (bells, gongs, vibraphones, etc.), the source of sound of which is their elastic metal body. Sound is produced using hammers, sticks, and special drummers (tongues).

2. Instruments such as the xylophone, in contrast to which the metallophone plates are made of metal.

Stringed musical instruments (chordophones): according to the method of sound production, they are divided into bowed (for example, violin, cello, gidzhak, kemancha), plucked (harp, gusli, guitar, balalaika), percussion (dulcimer), percussion-keyboard (piano), plucked -keyboards (harpsichord).

1. Violin is a 4-string bowed musical instrument. The highest in register in the violin family, which formed the basis of the classical symphony orchestra and string quartet.

2. Cello is a musical instrument of the violin family of the bass-tenor register. Appeared in the 15th-16th centuries. Classic designs created Italian masters 17-18 centuries: A. and N. Amati, G. Guarneri, A. Stradivari.

3. Gidzhak - stringed musical instrument (Tajik, Uzbek, Turkmen, Uyghur).

4. Kemancha (kamancha) - a 3-4-string bowed musical instrument. Distributed in Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Dagestan, as well as the countries of the Middle East.

5. Harp (from German Harfe) is a multi-string plucked musical instrument. Early images - in the third millennium BC. In its simplest form it is found in almost all nations. The modern pedal harp was invented in 1801 by S. Erard in France.

6. Gusli is a Russian plucked string musical instrument. Wing-shaped harp(“ringed”) have 4-14 or more strings, helmet-shaped - 11-36, rectangular (table-shaped) - 55-66 strings.

7. Guitar (Spanish guitarra, from Greek cithara) - stringed plucked instrument lute type. Known in Spain since the 13th century, in the 17th-18th centuries it spread to the countries of Europe and America, including as folk instrument. Since the 18th century, the 6-string guitar has become commonly used; the 7-string guitar has become widespread mainly in Russia. Among the varieties is the so-called ukulele; Modern pop music uses an electric guitar.

8. Balalaika is a Russian folk 3-string plucked musical instrument. Known since the beginning. 18th century Improved in the 1880s. (under the leadership of V.V. Andreev) V.V. Ivanov and F.S. Paserbsky, who designed the balalaika family, and later - S.I. Nalimov.

9. Cymbals (Polish: cymbaly) - a multi-stringed percussion musical instrument ancient origin. They are members of folk orchestras of Hungary, Poland, Romania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, etc.

10. Piano (Italian fortepiano, from forte - loud and piano - quiet) - the general name for keyboard musical instruments with hammer mechanics (grand piano, upright piano). The piano was invented in the beginning. 18th century Appearance modern type piano - with the so-called double rehearsal - dates back to the 1820s. The heyday of piano performance - 19-20 centuries.

11. Harpsichord (French clavecin) - a stringed keyboard-plucked musical instrument, the predecessor of the piano. Known since the 16th century. There were harpsichords of various shapes, types and varieties, including the cymbal, virginel, spinet, and clavicytherium.

Keyboard musical instruments: a group of musical instruments united by a common feature - the presence of keyboard mechanics and a keyboard. They are divided into various classes and types. Keyboard musical instruments can be combined with other categories.

1. Strings (percussion-keyboards and plucked-keyboards): piano, celesta, harpsichord and its varieties.

2. Brass (keyboard-wind and reed): organ and its varieties, harmonium, button accordion, accordion, melodica.

3. Electromechanical: electric piano, clavinet

4. Electronic: electronic piano

piano (Italian fortepiano, from forte - loud and piano - quiet) is the general name for keyboard musical instruments with hammer mechanics (grand piano, upright piano). It was invented at the beginning of the 18th century. The emergence of a modern type of piano - with the so-called. double rehearsal - dates back to the 1820s. The heyday of piano performance - 19-20 centuries.

Percussion musical instruments: a group of instruments united by the method of sound production - impact. The source of sound is a solid body, a membrane, a string. There are instruments with a definite (timpani, bells, xylophones) and indefinite (drums, tambourines, castanets) pitch.

1. Timpani (timpani) (from the Greek polytaurea) is a cauldron-shaped percussion musical instrument with a membrane, often paired (nagara, etc.). Distributed since ancient times.

2. Bells - orchestral percussion self-sounding musical instrument: a set of metal records.

3. Xylophone (from xylo... and Greek phone - sound, voice) - a percussion, self-sounding musical instrument. Consists of a series of wooden blocks of varying lengths.

4. Drum - a percussion membrane musical instrument. Varieties are found among many peoples.

5. Tambourine - a percussion membrane musical instrument, sometimes with metal pendants.

6. Castanets (Spanish: castanetas) - percussion musical instrument; wooden (or plastic) plates in the shape of shells, fastened on the fingers.

Electromusical instruments: musical instruments in which sound is created by generating, amplifying and converting electrical signals (using electronic equipment). They have a unique timbre and can imitate various instruments. Electric musical instruments include the theremin, emiriton, electric guitar, electric organs, etc.

1. Theremin is the first domestic electromusical instrument. Designed by L. S. Theremin. The pitch of a theremin varies depending on distance right hand performer to one of the antennas, volume - from the distance of the left hand to the other antenna.

2. Emiriton is an electric musical instrument equipped with a piano-type keyboard. Designed in the USSR by inventors A. A. Ivanov, A. V. Rimsky-Korsakov, V. A. Kreitzer and V. P. Dzerzhkovich (1st model in 1935).

3. Electric guitar - a guitar, usually made of wood, with electric pickups that convert vibrations metal strings into electric current fluctuations. The first magnetic pickup was made by Gibson engineer Lloyd Loehr in 1924. The most common are six-string electric guitars.

A list of them will be given in this article. It also contains information about the types of wind instruments and the principle of extracting sound from them.

Wind instruments

These are pipes that can be made of wood, metal or any other material. They have different shapes and produce different timbres. musical sounds, which are extracted by air flow. The timbre of the “voice” of a wind instrument depends on its size. The larger it is, the more air passes through it, which makes its vibration frequency lower and the sound produced low.

There are two ways to change the output of a given type of instrument:

• adjusting the air volume with your fingers, using rockers, valves, valves, and so on, depending on the type of tool;
• increasing the force of blowing an air column into the pipe.

The sound depends entirely on the flow of air, hence the name - wind instruments. A list of them will be given below.

Varieties of wind instruments

There are two main types - copper and wood. Initially, they were classified in this way depending on the material from which they were made. Now at to a greater extent The type of instrument depends on the way the sound is produced from it. For example, the flute is considered a woodwind instrument. Moreover, it can be made of wood, metal or glass. The saxophone is always produced only in metal, but belongs to the woodwind class. Copper tools can be made from various metals: copper, silver, brass and so on. There is a special variety - keyboard wind instruments. The list of them is not so long. These include harmonium, organ, accordion, melodica, button accordion. Air enters them thanks to special bellows.

What instruments are wind instruments?

Let's list the wind instruments. The list is as follows:

• pipe;
• clarinet;
• trombone;
• accordion;
• flute;
• saxophone;
• organ;
• zurna;
• oboe;
• harmonium;
• balaban;
• accordion;
• French horn;
• bassoon;
• tuba;
• bagpipes;
• duduk;
• harmonica;
• Macedonian gaida;
• shakuhachi;
• ocarina;
• serpent;
• horn;
• helicon;
• didgeridoo;
• kurai;
• trembita.

You can name some other similar tools.

Brass

Brass wind musical instruments, as mentioned above, are made of various metals, although in the Middle Ages there were also those made of wood. The sound is extracted from them by strengthening or weakening the blown air, as well as by changing the position of the musician’s lips. Initially, brass instruments were played only in the 30s of the 19th century, valves appeared on them. This allowed such instruments to reproduce a chromatic scale. The trombone has a retractable slide for these purposes.

Brass instruments (list):

• pipe;
• trombone;
• French horn;
• tuba;
• serpent;
• helicon.

Woodwinds

Musical instruments of this type were initially made exclusively from wood. Today this material is practically not used for their production. The name reflects the principle of sound production - there is a wooden reed inside the tube. These musical instruments are equipped with holes on the body, located at a strictly defined distance from each other. The musician opens and closes them while playing with his fingers. Thanks to this, a certain sound is obtained. Woodwind instruments sound according to this principle. The names (list) included in this group are as follows:

• clarinet;
• zurna;
• oboe;
• balaban;
• flute;
• bassoon.

Reed musical instruments

There is another type of wind instrument - reed. They sound thanks to a flexible vibrating plate (tongue) located inside. The sound is produced by exposing it to air, or by pulling and plucking. Based on this feature, you can create a separate list of tools. Reed wind instruments are divided into several types. They are classified according to the method of sound extraction. It depends on the type of reed, which can be metal (for example, as in organ pipes), freely slipping (as in Jew's harp and harmonicas), or beating, or reed, as in reed woodwinds.

List of tools of this type:

• harmonica;
• Jew's harp;
• clarinet;
• accordion;
• bassoon;
• saxophone;
• kalimba;
• harmonic;
• oboe;
• hulus.

Wind instruments with a freely slipping reed include: button accordion, labial. In them, air is pumped by blowing through the musician’s mouth, or by bellows. The air flow causes the reeds to vibrate and thus produce sound from the instrument. The harp also belongs to this type. But its tongue vibrates not under the influence of an air column, but with the help of the musician’s hands, by pinching and pulling it. Oboe, bassoon, saxophone and clarinet are of a different type. In them the tongue is beating, and it is called a cane. The musician blows air into the instrument. As a result, the reed vibrates and sound is produced.

Where are wind instruments used?

Wind instruments, the list of which was presented in this article, are used in orchestras of various compositions. For example: military, brass, symphonic, pop, jazz. And also occasionally they can perform as part of a chamber ensemble. It is extremely rare that they are soloists.

Flute

This list of pipes related to this type was given above.

The flute is one of the oldest musical instruments. It does not use a reed like other woodwinds. Here the air is cut through the edge of the instrument itself, due to which sound is formed. There are several types of flutes.

Syringa - single-barreled or multi-barrel instrument Ancient Greece. Its name comes from the name of the bird's vocal organ. The multi-barreled syringa later became known as the Pan flute. On this instrument ancient times peasants and shepherds played. IN Ancient Rome Syringa accompanied the performances on stage.

Recorder - wooden instrument, belonging to the whistle family. Close to it are the sopilka, pipe and whistle. Its difference from other woodwinds is that on its back there is an octave valve, that is, a hole for closing with a finger, on which the height of other sounds depends. They are extracted by blowing air and closing the 7 holes on the front side with the musician’s fingers. This type of flute was most popular between the 16th and 18th centuries. Its timbre is soft, melodious, warm, but its capabilities are limited. Such great composers as Anthony Vivaldi, Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel and others used the recorder in many of their works. The sound of this instrument is weak, and gradually its popularity declined. This happened after the transverse flute appeared, which is by far the most used. Nowadays, the recorder is used mainly as a teaching instrument. Beginning flutists master it first, only then move on to the longitudinal one.

The piccolo flute is a type of transverse flute. It has the highest timbre of all wind instruments. Its sound is whistling and piercing. Piccolo is half as long as usual. Its range is from “D” second to “C” fifth.

Other types of flutes: transverse, panflute, di, Irish, kena, flute, pyzhatka, whistle, ocarina.

Trombone

This is a brass instrument (the list of those included in this family was presented in this article above). The word "trombone" is translated from Italian as "big trumpet". It has existed since the 15th century. The trombone differs from other instruments in this group in that it has a slide - a tube with which the musician produces sounds by changing the volume of air flow inside the instrument. There are several types of trombone: tenor (the most common), bass and alto (used less frequently), double bass and soprano (practically not used).

Khulus

This is a Chinese reed wind instrument with additional pipes. Its other name is bilandao. He has three or four pipes in total - one main (melodic) and several bourdon (low-sounding). The sound of this instrument is soft and melodic. Most often, hulus are used for solo performance, very rarely - in an ensemble. Traditionally, men played this instrument when declaring their love to a woman.