Wild landowner main and secondary characters. The image and characteristics of the landowner in the fairy tale wild landowner by Saltykov-Shchedrin essay

The landowner is the main character satirical tale Saltykov-Shchedrin “Wild Landowner”. This is a stupid character who decided to exterminate all his men because there were too many of them and they could eat everything. He considers himself a true representative of the nobility and is qualified because he is a hereditary prince named Urus-Kuchum-Kildibaev. The whole point of his existence comes down to pampering his “white and crumbly” body. However, he does not understand that without the help of the peasants he will not be able to survive for long. He hates men with all his soul and cannot stand the “servile spirit,” although these are the people who serve him, give him his daily bread and fill his boring life.

After his request to God came true, and the peasants finally disappeared from the yard, he began to drag out a meaningless existence. There was nothing to eat, no need to shave or wash, and no one to play cards with. Then he began to invite his friends to visit. However, they, unhappy that the owner had neither food nor servants, quickly left and called him stupid. Soon the police captain also came to him. He was dissatisfied with the state of affairs, since with the disappearance of the peasants there were no more taxes in the treasury and no goods on the market. As a result, the authorities decided to find and return the peasants, and bring some sense into the wild landowner. And the landowner, while living alone, became completely wild: he began to climb trees, walk on all fours, and eat whole hares. With difficulty they caught him, washed him, shaved him and put him in order. The servant Senka was left to keep an eye on him. According to the plot of the fairy tale, the landowner is still alive, plays his solitaire games, dreams of living in the forest again and sometimes moos.

Other works on this topic:

1. The main idea of ​​M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin’s fairy tale “The Wild Landowner” is caustic satire to the ruling class. All the action described in it takes place as if within the same estate...
2. What does a fairy tale teach? A special place in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin is occupied by fairy tales with allegorical depictions of characters. The author wrote them at the final stage of his creativity and from a height...
3. ­ Moral Lesson The tales of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin were written at the final stage of the writer’s work, somewhere between 1880 and 1886. The form of a fairy tale to expose social and moral problems...
4. “In a certain kingdom, in a certain state, there lived a landowner, he lived and looked at the light and rejoiced. He had enough of everything: peasants, grain, livestock...
5. Once upon a time there lived a landowner. He lived without knowing grief and had enough of everything. However, he was stupid and read only the newspaper “Vest”. One thing bothered him...

TALES

(1869—1886)

Ram-Nepomnyashchy - the hero of the fairy tale of the same name. He began to see unclear dreams that worried him, making him suspect that “the world does not end with the walls of a stable.” The sheep began to mockingly call him “clever” and “philosopher” and shunned him. The ram withered and died. Explaining what happened, the shepherd Nikita suggested that the deceased “saw a free ram in a dream.”

Bogatyr- the hero of the fairy tale of the same name, the son of Baba Yaga. Sent by her to his exploits, he uprooted one oak tree, crushed another with his fist, and when he saw a third one with a hollow, he climbed in and fell asleep, terrifying the surrounding area with his snoring. His fame was great. B. were both afraid and hoped that he would gain strength in his sleep. But centuries passed, and he still slept, not coming to the aid of his country, no matter what happened to it. When, during an enemy invasion, they approached him to help him out, it turned out that B. had long been dead and rotten. His image was so clearly aimed against the autocracy that the tale remained unpublished until 1917.

Generals— characters from “The Tale of How One Man Fed Two Generals.” Miraculously We found ourselves on a desert island wearing only nightgowns and medals around our necks. They didn’t know how to do anything and, being hungry, almost ate each other. Having come to their senses, they decided to look for the man and, having found him, demanded that he feed them. Later they lived on his labors, and when they got bored, he built “a vessel so that one could sail across the ocean.” Upon returning to St. Petersburg, G. received the pension accumulated over the past years, and their breadwinner was given a glass of vodka and a nickel of silver.

Wild landowner - the hero of the fairy tale of the same name. Having read the retrograde newspaper “Vest”, he stupidly complained that “there are a lot of divorced... men,” and tried in every possible way to oppress them. God heard the tearful prayers of the peasants, and “there was no man in the entire domain of the stupid landowner.” He was delighted (the air became “clean”), but it turned out that now he could neither receive guests, nor eat himself, nor even wipe the dust off the mirror, and there was no one to pay taxes to the treasury. However, he did not deviate from his “principles” and, as a result, became wild, began to move on all fours, lost human speech and became like a predatory beast (once he almost killed the police officer himself). Concerned about the lack of taxes and the impoverishment of the treasury, the authorities ordered “to catch the peasant and bring him back.” With great difficulty they also caught the landowner and brought him into more or less decent shape.

Ruff- a character in the fairy tale “Crucian carp the idealist.” He looks at the world with bitter sobriety, seeing strife and savagery everywhere. Karas is ironic about his reasoning, accusing him of complete ignorance of life and inconsistency (Crucian is indignant at Pike, but eats shells himself). However, he admits that “after all, you can talk to him alone to your liking,” and at times even slightly wavers in his skepticism, until the tragic outcome of the “dispute” between Karas and Pike confirms that he is right.

Sane Hare - the hero of the fairy tale of the same name, “reasoned so sensibly that it fits a donkey.” He believed that “every animal is given its own life” and that, although “everyone eats hares,” he is “not picky” and “agrees to live in every possible way.” In the heat of this philosophizing, he was caught by the Fox, who, having become bored with his speeches, ate him.

Crucian idealist - the hero of the fairy tale of the same name. Living in a quiet backwater, he is complacent and cherishes dreams of the triumph of good over evil and even of the opportunity to reason with Pike (whom he has seen since birth) that she has no right to eat others. He eats shells, justifying himself by saying that “they just crawl into your mouth” and they “don’t have a soul, but steam.” Having presented himself before Pike with his speeches, he was released for the first time with the advice: “Go and sleep it off!” The second time, he was suspected of “Sicilism” and was pretty much bitten during interrogation by Okun, and the third time, Pike was so surprised by his exclamation: “Do you know what virtue is?” — that she opened her mouth and almost involuntarily swallowed her interlocutor.” The image of K. grotesquely captures the features of liberalism contemporary to the writer.

Kissel- the hero of the fairy tale of the same name, “was so warm and soft that he did not feel any discomfort from being eaten.” The gentlemen were so fed up with them that they even provided the pigs with food, so in the end “all that was left of the jelly were dried scrapes.” In a grotesque form, both peasant humility and the post-reform impoverishment of the village, robbed not only by the “gentlemen” of the landowners, but also by new bourgeois predators, who, according to the satirist, are like pigs, “do not know satiety.”

Horse- the hero of the fairy tale of the same name, “an ordinary peasant belly, tortured, beaten,” who “day after day... does not come out of the yoke.” The description of his life is full of sad pathos: “For everyone, the field is expanse, poetry, space; for K. it is bondage... For everyone, nature is a mother, for him alone she is a scourge and torture.” Critics compared this fairy tale to a prose poem. The image of K. embodies the fate of the Russian peasantry (it is worth comparing this tale with the everyday life of the “economic peasant” from “Little Things in Life”). The poet I. F. Annensky called Shchedrin “the mournful singer of Konyaga.”

Liberal- the hero of the fairy tale of the same name. “I was eager to do a good deed,” but out of caution I increasingly moderated my ideals and aspirations. At first he acted only “if possible,” then agreeing to get “at least something” and, finally, acting “in relation to meanness,” consoled by the thought: “Today I’m wallowing in the mud, and tomorrow the sun will come out and dry the mud - I’m great again.” -Well done!"
The patron eagle is the hero of the fairy tale of the same name. He surrounded himself with a whole court staff and even agreed to introduce science and art. However, he soon got tired of this (however, the Nightingale was driven out immediately), and he brutally dealt with the Owl and the Falcon, who were trying to teach him literacy and arithmetic, imprisoned the historian Woodpecker in a hollow, etc.

The wise minnow - the hero of the fairy tale of the same name, “enlightened, moderate liberal.” Since childhood, I was frightened by my father’s warnings about the danger of getting hit in the ear and concluded that “you have to live in such a way that no one notices.” He dug a hole just to fit himself in, made no friends or family, lived and trembled, and in the end even received pike praise: “If only everyone lived like this, the river would be quiet!” Only before his death did the “wise” one realize that in this case “perhaps the entire gudgeon family would have died out long ago.” Story wise minnow in an exaggerated form expresses the meaning, or rather all the nonsense, of cowardly attempts to “devote oneself to the cult of self-preservation,” as stated in the book “Abroad.” The features of this character are clearly visible, for example, in the heroes of “The Modern Idyll”, in Polozhilov and other Shchedrin heroes. The remark made by the then critic in the newspaper “Russian Vedomosti” is also characteristic: “We are all more or less piss-kari...”

Empty Dance- a character in the fairy tale “Horse”, the “brother” of the hero, unlike him, leading an idle life. Personification landed nobility. The talk of empty dancers about Konyaga as the embodiment of common sense, humility, “life of the spirit and the spirit of life,” etc., is, as he wrote contemporary writer critic, “the most offensive parody” of the then theories that sought to justify and even glorify the “hard labor” of the peasants, their downtroddenness, darkness and passivity.

Ruslantsev Serezha - the hero of "A Christmas Tale", a ten-year-old boy. After a sermon about the need to live by the truth, said, as the author seems to casually note, “for the holiday,” S. decided to do so. But his mother, the priest himself, and the servants warn him that “one must live with the truth looking back.” Shocked by the discrepancy between lofty words (truly a Christmas fairy tale!) and real life, stories about the sad fate of those who tried to live in truth, the hero fell ill and died.

Selfless hare - the hero of the fairy tale of the same name. He is caught by the Wolf and sits obediently awaiting his fate, not daring to run even when his fiancee’s brother comes for him and says that she is dying of grief. Released to see her, he returns back, as promised, receiving condescending wolfish praise.

Toptygin 1st- one of the heroes of the fairy tale “The Bear in the Voivodeship”. He dreamed of imprinting himself in history with a brilliant crime, but with a hangover he mistook a harmless siskin for his “inner adversary” and ate it. He became a universal laughing stock and was unable to correct his reputation even with his superiors, no matter how hard he tried - “he climbed into the printing house at night, smashed the machines, mixed up the type, and dumped the works of the human mind into a waste pit.” “And if he had started straight from the printing houses, he would have been... a general.”

Toptygin 2nd- a character from the fairy tale “The Bear in the Voivodeship.” Having arrived in the voivodeship with the expectation of ruining the printing house or burning down the university, he discovered that all this had already been done. I decided that it was no longer necessary to eradicate the “spirit”, but “to get right to the skin.” Having climbed up to a neighboring peasant, he killed all the cattle and wanted to destroy the yard, but was caught and put on a spear in disgrace.

Toptygin 3rd- a character from the fairy tale “The Bear in the Voivodeship.” I faced a painful dilemma: “if you do a little mischief, they will laugh at you; If you do a lot of mischief, they’ll raise you to the spear...” Arriving at the voivodeship, he hid in a den, without entering into control, and discovered that even without his intervention, everything in the forest was going on as usual. He began to leave the den only “to receive the assigned allowance” (although in the depths of his soul he wondered “why they were sending the governor”). Later he was killed by hunters, like “all fur-bearing animals,” also according to routine.

Other grotesque works of the satirist are also associated with history and its laws. The appearance in these works of absolutely incredible images, situations, and events is also motivated both functionally and conceptually. Unprecedented and impossible characters fictional by the writer real life the scenes are based on a deep understanding of the trends in the historical movement of society and are conditioned by these trends. “There are types,” Saltykov emphasized, “which are not useful to explain, especially in the influences that they have on modern times. If it is true that in every state of affairs history is the main architect, then it is no less true that everywhere one can meet individual individuals who serve as the embodiment of the “situation” and represent, as it were, an answer to the need of the moment. To understand and explain these types means to understand and explain the typical features of the situation itself, which is not only not obscured by them, but, on the contrary, with their help is made more visual and prominent”

This theoretical reasoning characterizes an extremely significant feature of Shchedrin’s satire. Moreover, this position applies not only to those socio-political and socio-psychological types that were depicted by the writer in their real, concrete historical form, but also to their grotesque variants.

Generals stranded on a desert island wild landowner, the reckless advisers Boa and Dyba, the zealous boss and many, many other grotesque characters created by Shchedrin’s imagination also served as a vivid embodiment of the “state of affairs” and were, as it were, the personification of certain trends in history.

The real social and political conflicts of the time also expressed those fantastic situations that the writer based the plot of his grotesque works. It was these genuine collisions of reality that were responsible for the absolutely incredible actions and events that we encounter here.

Let us turn, for example, once again to the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner”. It would seem that before us is a work that is absolutely “timeless”, “ahistorical”. In fact, this work, full of fantastic events, bears distinct traces of the time of its creation. It is thoroughly historical, although historicism this time does not appear in its concrete form, but in an “indirect” one.

However, there are also specific historical details here. It is mentioned, for example, that peasants are “temporarily obliged.” Thanks to this small detail it immediately becomes clear that we're talking about about the post-reform period. The newspaper Vest is repeatedly mentioned, which stubbornly insisted that landowners must pursue a “firm” policy towards the peasants.

Main character fairy tales is inspired by the writings of this newspaper and follows its advice. He believes that the peasants are “eaten up” and strives in every possible way to “reduce” them:

“Whether a peasant’s chicken wanders into the master’s oats, now, as a rule, it ends up in the soup; Whether a peasant gathers to chop wood in secret in the master’s forest - now this same firewood is going to the master’s yard, and the chopper, as a rule, is subject to a fine.”

And when the peasants throughout the entire domain of the hero of the fairy tale disappear (“Where did the man go - no one noticed, but people only saw how suddenly a chaff whirlwind arose and, like a black cloud, the peasant’s long trousers flew through the air”), then this is a fantastic event is a logical consequence of the policy pursued by the landowner in relation to the peasants. The disappearance of the men, all of them, is in no way explainable from the point of view of everyday reality. But it is motivated historically.

Certain historical collisions and circumstances determine the events that we encounter in other tales of Shchedrin, including tales about animals. In some of them we even encounter the word “history” itself.

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The main character of the work, which is written in the genre of a fairy tale, is a landowner, depicted by the writer in the image of a stupid man who considers himself hereditary Russian nobleman, Prince Urus-Kuchum-Kildibaev.

The landowner is depicted as a man with a pampered, soft, crumbly and white body that is not accustomed to work. He has a very large fortune with a huge number of peasants and land plots. The landowner is a big fan of playing card games.

The main character of the fairy tale lives magnificently on his rather large estate, but experiences incredible hatred for his peasants, who, in his opinion, constantly interfere with him and consume a lot of food. He dreams of getting rid of annoying men and women, considering them a servile spirit and not realizing that without them he cannot exist, since it is the peasants who serve the master, raise and harvest bread. Gradually, the landowner infringes so much on the peasants, who find it unbearable, that God decides to help the disadvantaged people and all the serfs disappear from the territory of the landowner’s estate.

After the disappearance of the peasants, the overjoyed landowner begins to drag out his life in the form of a meaningless existence, since he had nothing to eat, water procedures, such as shaving and washing, without servants the landowner has no opportunity to spend and even to make a game of cards, he has no one.

The stupidity of the landowner does not allow him to realize the stupidity of his act, but, being a narcissistic person, he cannot show weakness and wants to prove to the whole world the possibility of life without serfs. The landowner invites his friends to stay on his estate. However, the guests are dissatisfied with the lack of servants and, accordingly, treats, so they quickly leave the uncleaned and uncomfortable landowner’s house, finally, openly telling the owner about his immeasurable stupidity. Even the representative local authorities It is not possible to convince the landowner by proving that the absence of peasants affects both the collection of taxes into the state treasury and the situation in trade markets.

As a result, living in all alone, the landowner becomes wild, starting to jump on tree branches, eat raw game he has caught, and walk on all fours. The police decide to catch the feral man, bring him back to normal and send him to the estate under the supervision of the servant Senka.

Describing the image of the landowner, the writer depicts in a satirical form real events, occurring in the society of that period of time.

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In the fairy tale “The Wild Landowner,” the heroes find themselves in a fantastic situation that reveals class relations and emphasizes the dependence of the upper classes on common people. The Lord heard the stupid landowner’s prayers for the extermination of the peasants and fulfilled his desire. Shchedrin emphasizes the description of the sad life of the landowner in Saltykov’s story with the constant shouts of the owner calling his servant Senka. Each time the landowner remembers that the house is empty, but does not get upset, but continues to “strengthen himself.” Masterfully exaggerating the characterization of the feral landowner, the author describes his dialogue with the bear, who openly declares that the man should be returned.

Characteristics of the characters “Wild Landowner”

Main characters

Minor characters

The main idea of ​​the work is that order and prosperity are impossible without smart, hard-working common people, on whom the life of the upper class directly depends. The fairy tale genre allowed Saltykov-Shchedrin to bypass censorship and give literature the most original satirical work. The collected material and description of the main characters of “The Wild Landowner” may be useful for reader's diary or to prepare for a lesson on a topic.

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