What is kameton? Description of the standard of height and source of ideal sound. What is a tuning fork

Tuning fork - (diapason, Stimmgabel, tuning fork) is used to obtain simple tone constant and certain height. Hit the tuning fork on your knee again. TUNING FORK - (from Latin camera, and tonus tone). A steel instrument in the form of a two-pronged fork, through which the tone of a singing chapel is given.

A tuning fork (German Kammerton - “room sound”) is an instrument for fixing and reproducing a reference pitch, which is also called the word “tuning fork”. The modern tuning instrument tuning fork produces the sound A of the 1st octave with a frequency of 440 Hz. In performing practice it is used for tuning musical instruments.

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These days symphony orchestras rarely use a tuning fork. In an orchestra, the role of a tuning fork is played by the woodwind instrument oboe, since in its design temperature does not affect the musical structure and its note A is always stable.

Tuning fork online - note A (440 Hz)

Today, a tuning fork can be purchased in specialized music stores. To enhance the sound of a tuning fork, it is installed on a resonator - a wooden box open on one side. Its length is taken equal to 1/4 of the length sound wave, emitted by a tuning fork.

However, there are tuning forks tuned to other sounds. Knowing exactly how one note sounds, you can correctly tune all the others. When struck, it gives a certain sound, serves for tuning musical instruments and for setting the tone for singers. All this can be done using a special device called a tuning fork! So what is it and what does it look like? Such a tuning fork has its own handle, that is, a handle by which it is held.

Chords, sheet music and guitar lessons in rock and related genres of music

It's a small tube that makes a sound when you blow into it. This look is considered not to be classic. This is why tuning forks are so necessary for many people who play music. By the way, you can’t do without a tuning fork if you walked with an instrument, for example a violin or guitar, down the street or if you had to transport a piano. And in this case, the tuning fork and your refined ear for music will help you!

All musical instruments - guitar, piano, violin, cello, etc. - in order to play in ensembles, must be tuned to a single sound standard. Due to this circumstance, you can tune any musical instrument to the sound of this note.

The open strings of a six-string guitar can also become a sound standard. Tighten or loosen the string until it sounds exactly like the online guitar tuning fork below. In the comments you can write reviews, suggestions and tips for tuning your guitar. A tuning fork is a metal structure shaped like a fork; which fluctuates at a constant pace. Scientists say it fluctuates with a certain frequency.

Fill the cup with water. Hit the tuning fork on your knee, carefully bring it to the cup and touch the surface of the water. What do you see? Many residential humidifiers are based on the same principle. What surface properties help amplify sound? What properties only muffle the sound of a tuning fork? An oscillating tuning fork transfers its energy to air particles. The fork of a tuning fork is small and therefore can only transmit vibrations directly to a small number of air particles.

There are mechanical, acoustic and electronic tuning forks. But if a piano plays with the orchestra, then all the instruments of the orchestra are tuned according to the piano, and the piano before the concert must be well tuned according to the tuning fork.

In order for the tuning fork to sound, you need to hit it quietly with a special metal hammer covered with fabric.

Russia has adopted a pump that gives 440 oscillations per second. How can you check how correctly an instrument is tuned: piano, violin, guitar, cello? In the first case, the temperature difference will play cruel joke, the instrument will be out of tune.

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It doesn't have to be a guitar. The guitar does not have to be tuned to the fifth fret of the first string. Extract sound from any unpressed guitar string. Compare its sound with the sound of the same string (E string, 6th string) in the appendix. Repeat these simple steps with each guitar string. All! The guitar is tuned. Authors of publications can provide their experience in selecting compositions, including free downloading of sheet music, tabs and tablatures.

Musicians always need to play in unison. At home, you can use any hard object with a soft surface. Can you hear the sound? Strike again. Is the sound the same, or has its pitch changed? Water from a special reservoir enters the evaporation chamber. The bottom of the chamber vibrates at a very high frequency that the human ear cannot detect (hence the frequency called ultrasonic).

This is its importance in both physics and music. A tuning fork helps a lot with this. Therefore, the sound from one tuning fork is not so loud. This “fork” was called a tuning fork. This is the pitch standard for the note A of the first octave 440 Hz. This is the frequency that is now considered the international standard for tuning musical instruments. A tuning fork is a sound standard for tuning musical instruments.

Nowadays, musicians almost always use a tuner to tune a guitar. This is a convenient device that has various modifications. With it, the process of setting up the instrument is very easy. But previously, all instruments were tuned using a tuning fork. Classic performance This device is like a plug.

Fork

It was invented in 1711 by John Shure of England, who was the Queen's own trumpeter. If you hit a tuning fork with something, it begins to vibrate and make a sound. The sound of a tuning fork was assigned to the sound of the note A of the first octave. Its frequency is 440 Hz. This has become, so to speak, a sound standard from which the sound of other notes can be determined.

The tuning fork has become an indispensable item for numerous people, from all musicians to professional instrument tuners.

Choir conductors give vocalists tuning using a tuning fork (nowadays they do exactly the same thing in choirs).

The sound of a classic tuning fork is quite quiet. Therefore, a resonator is used to enhance its sound. This is a small wooden box without one wall. The tuning fork itself is installed on it. Thanks to the specially selected length of the box, the sound from the tuning fork is enhanced.

There are also tuning forks for guitar in the form of a small wind device.

The principle of their operation is as follows. You see that there are six holes with numbers guitar string, as well as its corresponding note. You blow into one of the holes and get the exact sound of the desired note. The advantage of such a tuning fork over a classic one is that it reproduces the sounds of several notes. Convenient to use especially for guitars.

Tuning fork, tuning forks, tuning fork, tuning forks, tuning fork, tuning forks, tuning fork, tuning forks, tuning fork, tuning forks, tuning fork, tuning forks Zaliznyak's Grammar Dictionary

An amerton is a device that reproduces a reference note from which all other sounds on the instrument are tuned. There are the following common types of tuning forks: metal, wind and electronic.

1.1. Metal tuning fork

The metal tuning fork came to us from time immemorial. It is reliable, accurate, durable, and just looks beautiful.

Most of these tuning forks produce the note “A” of the first octave, which corresponds to the sound of the 1st string (strings are counted from bottom to top, the first string is the thinnest), pressed at the 5th fret. The tuning fork is used in two modes: quiet and loud. Quiet mode is when you hold an oscillating tuning fork to your ear. And loud - when you touch it, say, to a piano or to the soundboard of a guitar. At the same time, the sound volume increases noticeably.

So, let's start tuning the guitar.

1. Take the tuning fork from the side where it has one tip and hit it.
2. Listen to the note.
3. You need to tune the first string so that, when pressed at the 5th fret, it gives the same sound as a tuning fork - the note “A”. Rotate the peg carefully so as not to overtighten or break the string.
4. Have you set it up? Now let's listen to the open (not pressed) 1st string. This is the note "E". We need the 2nd string, pressed at the 5th fret, to sound the same way - to the note “E”. Set it up. Please note that the note “E” on the 1st and 2nd strings does not sound exactly the same - there is a difference in timbre (sound color).
5. Now by analogy. Tune the 3rd string so that at the 4th fret it sounds like an open 2nd string. This is the note "B".
6. The 4th string at the 5th fret is like the 3rd open string (G note).
7. The 5th string at the 5th fret is like the 4th open (note “D”).
8. The 6th string at the 5th fret is like the 5th open (note “A”).

Unlike a metal one, a brass tuning fork produces 6 sounds of open strings. It's convenient, but there are significant drawbacks. Such tuning forks are short-lived and gradually lose accuracy due to oxidation of the reeds.

1. Blow into the hole corresponding to any string;
2. Tune this string.

Although the error does not accumulate, checking by intervals and chords will still allow you to tune the guitar more accurately.

1.3 Electronic tuning fork

It can produce many different sounds, the set of which differs depending on the model. The photo shows a Korg device that successfully combines a tuning fork and a metronome in one housing.

On most of these tuning forks, it is possible to calibrate the height of the reference note “A” of the first octave, relative to which the device tunes the remaining sounds. This can be useful if you play, say, with a piano tuned to 442 Hz (let me remind you that the reference frequency is 440 Hz). Here's how to tune the guitar:

* - there is confusion associated with the designation of the note “B”. Part musical world denoted by the letter “B”, and the part by “H”. Moreover, in the case of “H”, the B-flat note is designated as “B”. Most likely, your tuning fork will use the first designation, where "B" is "B".

Consider this point not only when tuning your guitar, but also when reading the alphanumeric chord symbols.

Another interesting point concerns which octave is which on the guitar fretboard. You can often find information that the first open string is “E” of the second octave, and all the rest, respectively, belong to the first and small. This is an erroneous statement. It comes from the fact that guitar notes are written an octave higher than piano notes. I will dispel this statement. The first open string is “E” of the first octave, as written in the table.

1.4. Other tuning fork options

The role of a tuning fork can be played by a dial tone on a landline phone, the first note of a ringtone on a cell phone, or something else. Just use your imagination.

2. Piano tuning

Everything is simple here. A piano is the same as a tuning fork, you just need to know which key to press. The diagram shows which key corresponds to which open string.

How well the piano itself is tuned is another matter. Practice shows that usually not very well. In this case, you can take only one of the piano notes as a standard, and build all the others from it, as in the case of a metal tuning fork. It is important that the guitar strings build with each other first and then with the piano. If you tune your guitar for a synthesizer, then there will be no tuning problems (unless the synthesizer is in good technical condition).

3. Tuning your guitar using a tuner

A tuner is a device that responds to the sound of your instrument and helps you tune it. The display shows different useful information, For example:

• Note name and octave;
• String name;
• Frequency of vibration of a note;
• Recommendations for tightening or loosening the string;
• Frequency of the reference note “A” of the first octave.

The most important characteristics for a tuner are the speed of the indicator’s response to the played sound and the step size of the indicator (the smaller the step, the more accurately you can tune the guitar). Tuners come in different designs and purposes. The following table describes the main varieties:

Now let's look at how to tune a guitar using the example of two tuners - mobile applications. The first of them is the most popular GuitarTuna. This tuner is designed specifically for guitarists, as evidenced by its guitar-style interface.

The application is able to automatically detect which string you are playing if the “auto” mode is turned on. It's enabled by default, but check it out.

1. Play the first string.
2. Look at the display. Make sure that the tuner recognizes the first string (the first string peg is illuminated). You will also see an indicator arrow sliding across the top of the screen and a green line extending from it. If the arrow and line are to the left of the center line, then the string needs to be slightly tightened. If it's on the right, loosen it. You need to ensure that the green line covers the central one*. You can figure out which way to turn the peg experimentally.
3. Tune the first string and do the same with the 2nd, 3rd, etc.

* - The string does not sound mathematically even, so the arrow dangles a little to the right and left and it may not be possible to completely cover the middle strip. Just try to close it as much as possible. The 5th and 6th strings are especially capricious in this regard. When setting them up, you need to wait until the green bar becomes more or less stable. You may have to wait a second or two. At first you will see a curve, as if drawing a mountain across the entire screen, but then the indicator will find a conditionally stable position (“conditionally stable” because the arrow still dangles back and forth, but with a small amplitude). Focus on this conditionally stable position.

Most common mistakes for beginning guitarists when tuning a guitar:

• Turns the wrong peg
• Plays the wrong string
• Sets up in a place that is too noisy
• I turned off the “auto” mode and forgot about it
• Plays a note, immediately mutes it, and only then rotates the peg (the peg must be rotated while the note is sounding, observing in real time the behavior of the indicator arrow).

In the “auto” mode, the tuner determines the string by its pitch. That is, he hears that something close in frequency to the first string is now sounding and determines that this is the first string. If the guitar is very out of tune, then this method will not work. Then you need to set the string manually.

1. Disable "auto" mode;
2. Click on the image of the peg the right string, make sure that the peg is highlighted;
3. Tune the string;
4. Click on the image of the other string's peg and tune it. Similarly, tune the remaining strings.

It is important not to forget to switch the string by clicking on the peg icon. Otherwise, there is a risk of over-tightening and breaking the string.

Now let's try another tuner. It's called "DaTuner". It represents a different concept of tuners. There is no highly specialized guitar information on the display, such as “which peg to turn and which string we are currently tuning.” But there is the name of the note, octaves and sound frequency in hertz.

And now, using the table, we tune each string.

If you decide to buy a clip-on tuner or something else, I still recommend that you practice these two first. mobile applications. The point is that they are accurate and have a fast response. Using them, you will understand what a real tuner should be like and, when you come to the store, you will choose a high-quality device.

4. Conclusion

The tuner makes tuning your guitar much easier. In fact, it configures the tool for you. Some may say that using it is harmful, because it does not develop your own ear for music. But I will object. Quite the opposite: hearing develops as the guitarist develops a standard for the correct sound of the instrument and over time he gets used to how it should be, and he has the ability to accurately tune the guitar by ear. If he starts with a tuning fork, then it is not a fact that his tuning will be accurate. For some reason, some people think that tuning by ear is easy, but I have personally observed more than once how even musicians, in whom ear for music there is no doubt.

Once you've mastered the tuning techniques presented in this article, it's time to deepen your understanding by reading my article, Professional Guitar Tuning. The fact is that although the tuner makes it possible to precisely tune the open strings, this does not mean that your guitar will perfectly keep in tune, say, in harmonies of three sounds. For live performances, the tuner's accuracy is more than enough, but in the studio, more precision is required. This is especially important for an electric guitar with distortion, where the slightest inaccuracy in tuning leads to “beating” and “out of tuning” at fifths.

Kirill Pospelov was with you. If you have any questions about the article, write to me at

A standard tuning fork produces an A sound of the 1st octave with a frequency of 440 Hz. In performing practice it is used for tuning musical instruments. When a choir sings a cappella (that is, without instrumental accompaniment), the choirmaster finds a tuning fork and indicates to the choristers the pitch of the sounds with which they begin their singing. The design of a tuning fork can be different. There are mechanical, acoustic and electronic tuning forks.

Story

See also

• Tuner for tuning musical instruments

Notes

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See what “Tuning fork” is in other dictionaries:

Tuning fork... Spelling dictionary-reference book

- (from Latin camera, and tonus tone). A steel instrument in the form of a two-pronged fork, through which the tone of a singing chapel is given. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. TUNING FORK from lat. camera, and tone, tone.… … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Fork- Tuning fork. TUNING FORK (German Kammerton), a device (self-sounding vibrator) that produces a sound that serves as a pitch standard when tuning musical instruments for choral singing. The standard frequency of the A tone of the first octave is 440 Hz. ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (German Kammerton), a device (self-sounding vibrator) that produces a sound that serves as a pitch standard when tuning musical instruments for choral singing. The standard frequency of the A tone of the first octave is 440 Hz... Modern encyclopedia

- (German: Kammerton) a device that is a sound source that serves as a standard for pitch when tuning musical instruments and in singing. The reference tone frequency for the first octave is 440 Hz... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

TUNING FORK, tuning fork, husband. (German: Kammerton) (music). A steel instrument in the shape of a fork, which when struck against a solid body always produces the same sound, which is used as the main tone when tuning instruments in an orchestra, as well as in a choir... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

TUNING FORK, huh, husband. A metal instrument that produces a sound when struck, which is the standard of pitch when tuning instruments and in choral singing. | adj. tuning fork, oh, oh. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

- “TUNING FORK”, USSR, ODESSA film studio, 1979, color, 115 (TV) min. School movie. Ninth graders deal with their problems. Odessa version of films by D. Asanova. Drawings by Nadya Rusheva were used. Cast: Elena Shanina (see SHANINA Elena... ... Encyclopedia of Cinema

- (diapason, Stimmgabel, tuning fork) serves to obtain a simple tone of a constant and certain pitch. This is its importance in both physics and music. It is usually prepared using steel and looks like a fork with two completely... ... Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron

fork- a, m. A device in the form of an elastic steel two-pronged fork that, when struck, produces a sound of a certain frequency, a conventional tone for tuning instruments. [I] came up with a symphony. I will introduce into it the chords of hundreds of bells, tuned to various tuning forks (V.... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language

Books

• Tuning fork, Alexey Petrov. Feonin finally finds hackwork from smugglers transporting the mysterious substance tuning fork. But is he ready for the fact that his team will consist of strange creatures who are bored...